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2. Tree (abstract data type) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree_(abstract_data_type)

   The height of the root is the height of the tree. The depth of a node is the length of the path to its root (i.e., its root path). Thus the root node has depth zero, leaf nodes have height zero, and a tree with only a single node (hence both a root and leaf) has depth and height zero. Conventionally, an empty tree (tree with no nodes, if such ...

3. Tree (graph theory) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree_(graph_theory)

   The root has depth zero, leaves have height zero, and a tree with only a single vertex (hence both a root and leaf) has depth and height zero. Conventionally, an empty tree (a tree with no vertices, if such are allowed) has depth and height −1. A k-ary tree (for nonnegative integers k) is a rooted tree in which each vertex has at most k children.

4. Hydra game - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydra_game

   Pick the rightmost leaf (i.e., the newest leaf which will be on the level closest to the root) and set = the first time, the second time, and so on, always increasing by one. If a hydra has a single y {\displaystyle y} -length branch, then for y = 1 {\displaystyle y=1} , the hydra is killed in a single step, while it is killed in three steps if ...

5. Unrooted binary tree - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unrooted_binary_tree

   The leaf-to-leaf path-length on a fixed Unrooted Binary Tree (UBT) T encodes the number of edges belonging to the unique path in T connecting a given leaf to another leaf. For example, by referring to the UBT shown in the image on the right, the path-length p 1 , 2 {\displaystyle p_{1,2}} between the leaves 1 and 2 is equal to 2 whereas the ...

6. Ternary tree - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ternary_tree

   The root node is at depth zero. Height - Length of the path from the root to the deepest node in the tree. A (rooted) tree with only one node (the root) has a height of zero. In the example diagram, the tree has height of 2. Sibling - Nodes that share the same parent node. A node p is an ancestor of a node q if it exists on the path from q to ...

7. Tree structure - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree_structure

   Tree structures can depict all kinds of taxonomic knowledge, such as family trees, the biological evolutionary tree, the evolutionary tree of a language family, the grammatical structure of a language (a key example being S → NP VP, meaning a sentence is a noun phrase and a verb phrase, with each in turn having other components which have ...