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  2. RAF kinase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raf_kinase

    RAF is an acronym for Rapidly Accelerated Fibrosarcoma. [12] RAF kinases participate in the RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK signal transduction cascade, also referred to as the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade. [11] Activation of RAF kinases requires interaction with RAS-GTPases. The three RAF kinase family members are: A-RAF; B-RAF; c-Raf

  3. c-Raf - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C-Raf

    RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase, also known as proto-oncogene c-RAF or simply c-Raf or even Raf-1, is an enzyme [4] that in humans is encoded by the RAF1 gene. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] The c-Raf protein is part of the ERK1/2 pathway as a MAP kinase (MAP3K) that functions downstream of the Ras subfamily of membrane associated GTPases. [ 7 ]

  4. MAPK/ERK pathway - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAPK/ERK_pathway

    Activated Ras then activates the protein kinase activity of a RAF kinase. [4] The RAF kinase phosphorylates and activates a MAPK/ERK Kinase (MEK1 or MEK2). The MEK phosphorylates and activates a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). RAF and MAPK/ERK are both serine/threonine-specific protein kinases. MEK is a serine/tyrosine/threonine kinase.

  5. ARAF - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ARAF

    Serine/threonine-protein kinase A-Raf or simply A-Raf is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ARAF gene. [5] A-Raf is a member of the Raf kinase family of serine/threonine-specific protein kinases. [6] Compared to the other members of this family (Raf-1 and B-Raf), very little is known about A-Raf.

  6. BRAF (gene) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BRAF_(gene)

    B-Raf is a 766-amino acid, regulated signal transduction serine/threonine-specific protein kinase.Broadly speaking, it is composed of three conserved domains characteristic of the Raf kinase family: conserved region 1 (CR1), a Ras-GTP-binding [11] self-regulatory domain, conserved region 2 (CR2), a serine-rich hinge region, and conserved region 3 (CR3), a catalytic protein kinase domain that ...

  7. Oncogene - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oncogene

    Cytoplasmic Serine/threonine kinases and their regulatory subunits: Raf kinase, and cyclin-dependent kinases (through overexpression). malignant melanoma, papillary thyroid cancer, colorectal cancer, and ovarian cancer [31] involved in organism development, cell cycle regulation, cell proliferation, differentiation, cells survival, and ...

  8. Raf kinase inhibitor protein - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raf_kinase_inhibitor_protein

    The Raf kinase inhibitor protein (RKIP) is a kinase inhibitor protein, that regulates many signaling pathways within the cell. [1] RKIP is a member of the phosphatidylethanolamine-binding protein family and has displayed disruptive regulation on the Raf-1- MEK 1/2, ERK 1/2 and NF-kappaB signalling pathways, by interaction with the Raf-1 kinase.

  9. MAPK phosphatase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAPK_phosphatase

    RAF activates MEK. Activated MEK phoshorylates ERK which can now be transported across the cell membrane by a transporter. Dephosphorylated ERK cannot leave the nucleus. MAPK phosphatases (MKPs) are the largest class of phosphatases involved in down-regulating Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) signaling.

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