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The following list provides the 704 species of common trees and shrubs of flora of Sri Lanka under 95 families. The list is according to A Field Guide to the Common Trees and Shrubs of Sri Lanka, by Mark Ashton, Savitri Gunatilleke, Neela de Zoysa, M.D. Dassanayake, Nimal Gunatilleke and Siril Wijesundera. [1]
The garden includes more than 4000 species of plants, including orchids, spices, medicinal plants and palm trees. [3] Attached to it is the " National Herbarium of Sri Lanka ". The total area of the botanical garden is 147 acres (0.59 km 2 ), at 460 meters above sea level, and with a 200-day annual rainfall.
9.0% [5] of Sri Lanka's forests are classified as primary forest (the most biodiverse form of forest and the biggest carbon sinks on Earth). Sri Lanka's forests contain 61 million metric tons of carbon in living forest biomass (in 2010 [5]). Between 1990 and 2005 alone, Sri Lanka lost 17.7% of its forest cover. [2]
Gyrinops walla [2] is a species of plant in the family Thymelaeaceae. It was described by Joseph Gaertner. The tree grows up to 15m high. Its bark is thin and brownish-grey color. Leaves are 1-6mm long and yellowish-white flower's pedicels are 3-4mm long. [3] Gyrinops walla is found in wet zone of Sri Lanka and very rarely
Ex-situ conservation of dry and arid zone plants of Sri Lanka. Dry zone landscape improvement. Ecotourism promotion. Providing knowledge and training on botany and floriculture. Promoting medicinal herbs. Studies on lesser known and under utilized plants in the dry zone.
The presence of savanna plants like Tamilnadia uliginosa and Antidesma ghaesembilla suggests origin of a now nonexistent savanna. [6] The Sri Lanka dry-zone dry evergreen forests are made up mostly of evergreen trees, which distinguish them from the deciduous trees that characterize most other tropical dry broadleaf forest ecoregions.
Location of Sri Lanka. The mangroves of Sri Lanka are a part of the diverse brackish water plant wildlife of Sri Lanka.. Mangroves are shrubs or small trees that usually grow in varied regions of tropical and subtropical coastal waters, where saline water and freshwater meet, creating brackish water.
It was established in 1876 by the British to conduct experiments on exotic economic plants such as Rubber, and explore plant wealth and development of economy in the colony. The first imported rubber tree to Sri Lanka was first planted in this garden and it was the first seedlings of Brazilian rubber tree ever planted in Asia.