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A number of Endicott batteries were built near (and sometimes in) previous forts. Since everything had to be designed and built from the ground up, progress was slow until the Spanish–American War of 1898 potentially threatened the U.S. east coast with bombardment by the Spanish fleet.
Endicott Period battery with two guns on disappearing carriages 10-inch disappearing gun at Battery Granger, Fort Hancock, New Jersey. In 1885, US President Grover Cleveland appointed a joint Army, Navy and civilian board, headed by Secretary of War William Crowninshield Endicott, known as the Board of Fortifications (now usually referred to simply as the Endicott Board).
The initial Endicott batteries were completed in 1907. Some of the Spanish–American War batteries were short-lived; Fort Getty lost its 6-inch Armstrong gun by 1900, along with Fort Adams' single 8-inch gun. However, in 1907 there was a re-alignment of 6-inch Armstrong guns. Fort Adams received a battery of three 6-inch Armstrong guns as a ...
Four of these batteries were built in HD Long Island Sound: Battery 216 at Camp Hero, Batteries 215 and 214 (not armed) at Fort H. G. Wright, and Battery 217 (not completed) at Fort Terry. [29] Two 155 mm (6.1 inch) batteries with four guns each were emplaced in HD Long Island Sound in 1942 to quickly provide some defense at key points.
Completion of Endicott batteries and refurbishment or redeployment of 1870s batteries were also included. The 1870s-type batteries were armed with Civil War-era Rodman guns and Parrott rifles, along with some new weapons: 21 8-inch M1888 guns (slated for incomplete Endicott forts) on modified 1870s Rodman gun carriages. [27]
This is a list of historical forts in the United States. World War II military reservations containing 8-inch and larger gun batteries are also included. World War II military reservations containing 8-inch and larger gun batteries are also included.
The 8-inch guns were removed in 1900 to arm new Endicott batteries elsewhere and to make room for the new batteries at Fort Stark; the 15-inch guns and Parrott rifles remained at least through the end of 1903. [11] [21] The forts were completed in 1905.
Both of these were built new for the Endicott program, in both cases replacing earlier batteries. Part of an unfinished battery at Fort Mott from the 1870s was used for new batteries at that fort. [56] [57] In 1896, half of the soldier barracks and a set of officers' quarters were demolished inside the fort. [3]