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Islamic taxes are taxes sanctioned by Islamic law. [1] They are based on both "the legal status of taxable land" and on "the communal or religious status of the taxpayer". [1] Islamic taxes include zakat - one of the five pillars of Islam. Only imposed on Muslims, it is generally described as a 2.5% tax on savings for charity.
A comparison between pre-Islamic documents and those of the Islamic period reveals that conquering Arabs increased the land taxation without exception. Thus, raising taxes of each acre of wheat field to four dirhams and each acre of barley field to two dirhams, whereas during reign of Khosro Anushiravan it used to be a single dirham for each ...
Taxes levied on local populations in the wake of early Islamic conquests could be of three types, based on whether they were levied on individuals, on the land, or as collective tribute. [178] During the first century of Islamic expansion, the words jizya and kharaj were used in all these three senses, with context distinguishing between ...
Danegeld was a tax paid to the Vikings to ensure the Vikings would not raid a person's land. Kharaj is an Islamic tax on agricultural land. Land value tax is a tax on the value of land that does not tax the value of the improvements on the land. Tallage, a tax on land levied in Medieval Europe. Window tax was a tax levied in England based on ...
Other forms of taxation on Muslims or non-Muslims, that have been used in Islamic history, include kharaj (land tax), [95] khums (tax on booty and loot seized from non-Muslims, sudden wealth), [96] ushur (tax at state border, sea port, and each city border on goods movement, customs), [97] kari (house tax) [98] and chari (sometimes called maara ...
Islamic law recognizes private and community property, as well as overlapping forms of entitlement for charitable purposes, known as waqf or trusts. Under Sharia law, however, ownership of all property ultimately rests with God; while individual property rights are upheld, there is a corresponding obligation to share, particularly with those in ...
Between the 9th and 14th centuries, the Muslim world developed many advanced economic concepts, techniques and usages. These ranged from areas of production, investment, finance, economic development, taxation, property use such as Hawala: an early informal value transfer system, Islamic trusts, known as waqf, systems of contract relied upon by merchants, a widely circulated common currency ...
However, Alauddin imposed a 50% kharaj (Islamic tax on agricultural land) in a substantial part of northern India. The cultivators were required to pay half of the agricultural produce as a tax: this was the maximum amount allowed by the Hanafi school of Islam, which was dominant in Delhi at that time. [3]