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The toxicity of ammonia is dependent on both pH and temperature and an added complexity is the buffering effect of the blood/water interface across the gill membrane which masks any additional toxicity over about pH 8.0. The management of river chemistry to avoid ecological damage is particularly difficult in the case of ammonia as a wide range ...
Nitrate levels above 10 mg/L (10 ppm) in groundwater can cause "blue baby syndrome" (acquired methemoglobinemia). [18] Drinking water quality standards in the European Union stipulate less than 50 mg/L for nitrate in drinking water. [19] The linkages between nitrates in drinking water and blue baby syndrome have been disputed in other studies.
Nitrate should be well below 10 ppm, but close to zero is best. Phosphate should be below 0.3 ppm. Alkalinity should be 3.2–4.5 meq/L. or 7 and 12 degrees of carbonate hardness (dKH). [21] [22] Copper concentration should be measured and not rise over 0.15 ppm [23] Calcium should be around ~ 400 ppm [24] Magnesium levels should be ~1250 ...
Bottled mineral water usually contains higher TDS levels than tap water. Total dissolved solids (TDS) is a measure of the dissolved combined content of all inorganic and organic substances present in a liquid in molecular, ionized, or micro-granular (colloidal sol) suspended form. TDS are often measured in parts per million (ppm).
Mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) is the concentration of suspended solids, in an aeration tank during the activated sludge process, which occurs during the treatment of waste water. The units MLSS is primarily measured in milligram per litre (mg/L), but for activated sludge its mostly measured in gram per litre [g/L] which is equal to ...
Through the Safe Drinking Water Act, the United States Environmental Protection Agency has set a maximum contaminant level of 10 mg/L or 10 ppm of nitrate in drinking water. [ 18 ] An acceptable daily intake (ADI) for nitrate ions was established in the range of 0–3.7 mg (kg body weight) −1 day −1 by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on ...
Keeping the pH in a suitable range (5.0-9.0 for freshwater systems) is crucial to maintain the health of both the fish and biofilter. pH is typically controlled by the addition of alkalinity in the form of lime (CaCO 3) or sodium hydroxide (NaOH). A low pH will lead to high levels of dissolved carbon dioxide (CO 2), which can prove toxic to fish.
Total suspended solids (TSS) is the dry-weight of suspended particles, that are not dissolved, in a sample of water that can be trapped by a filter that is analyzed using a filtration apparatus known as sintered glass crucible.