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  2. Lazy loading - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lazy_loading

    Lazy loading (also known as asynchronous loading) is a technique used in computer programming, especially web design and web development, to defer initialization of an object until it is needed. It can contribute to efficiency in the program's operation if properly and appropriately used.

  3. Link prefetching - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Link_prefetching

    This speeds up both the loading and rendering of web pages. Prefetching was first introduced in HTML5. Prefetching is accomplished through hints in web pages. These hints are used by the browser to prefetch links. Resources which can be prefetched include: JavaScript, CSS, image, audio, video, and web fonts.

  4. Lazy initialization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lazy_initialization

    The lazy initialization technique allows us to do this in just O(m) operations, rather than spending O(m+n) operations to first initialize all array cells. The technique is simply to allocate a table V storing the pairs ( k i , v i ) in some arbitrary order, and to write for each i in the cell T [ k i ] the position in V where key k i is stored ...

  5. Singleton pattern - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singleton_pattern

    A singleton implementation may use lazy initialization in which the instance is created when the static method is first invoked. In multithreaded programs, this can cause race conditions that result in the creation of multiple instances. The following Java 5+ example [6] is a thread-safe implementation, using lazy initialization with double ...

  6. Single-page application - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single-page_application

    In a SPA, a page refresh never occurs; instead, all necessary HTML, JavaScript, and CSS code is either retrieved by the browser with a single page load, [1] or the appropriate resources are dynamically loaded and added to the page as necessary, usually in response to user actions.

  7. Initialization-on-demand holder idiom - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Initialization-on-demand...

    In software engineering, the initialization-on-demand holder (design pattern) idiom is a lazy-loaded singleton. In all versions of Java, the idiom enables a safe, highly concurrent lazy initialization of static fields with good performance. [1] [2]

  8. Front-end web development - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Front-end_web_development

    Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) control the presentation and style of a website. CSS uses a cascading system to resolve style conflicts by applying style rules based on specificity, inheritance, and importance. Media queries allow for adjustments to the site's layout and appearance depending on factors such as screen size and resolution.

  9. Flash of unstyled content - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flash_of_unstyled_content

    FOUC when loading Wikipedia's main page. A flash of unstyled content (FOUC, or flash of unstyled text) [1] [2] is an instance where a web page appears briefly with the browser's default styles prior to loading an external CSS stylesheet, due to the web browser engine rendering the page before all information is retrieved. [3]