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Shotcrete is an all-inclusive term for spraying concrete or mortar with either a dry or wet mix process. However, shotcrete may also sometimes be used to distinguish wet-mix from the dry-mix method. The term shotcrete was first defined by the American Railway Engineers Association (AREA) in the early 1930s. [6]
The primary advantages of fibre-reinforced shotcrete are: Addition of steel fibers into the concrete improves the crack resistance (or ductility) capacity of the concrete. Traditional rebars are generally used to improve the tensile strength of the concrete in a particular direction, whereas steel fibers are useful for multidirectional ...
Recently Conco has taken a role in the developing field of sculpted shotcrete, which is the use of concrete as a canvas to create shotcrete walls that have structural integrity but are aesthetically pleasing. Shotcrete provides an excellent alternative to traditional cast-in-place walls, and since it is pneumatically placed, greatly reduces ...
Tunnel Construction. Tunnels are dug in types of materials varying from soft clay to hard rock. The method of tunnel construction depends on such factors as the ground conditions, the ground water conditions, the length and diameter of the tunnel drive, the depth of the tunnel, the logistics of supporting the tunnel excavation, the final use and shape of the tunnel and appropriate risk management.
The mesh is held to the backs and walls using friction stabiliser bolts, point anchor bolts, or resin grouted rebar. Shotcrete is fibre-reinforced spray-on concrete which coats the back and ribs preventing smaller rocks from falling. Shotcrete thickness can be between 50 mm – 100 mm.
Trapped air will leave voids that allow water to collect and degrade (rust) the steel. Modern practice often includes spraying the mixture at pressure (a technique called shotcrete) or some other method of driving out trapped air. Older structures that have failed offer clues to better practices.
Shoring is commonly used when installing the foundation of a building. A shoring system such as piles and lagging or shotcrete will support the surrounding loads until the underground levels of the building are constructed. Commonly used shoring equipment includes post shores, shoring beams, and timber jacks.
Shotcrete on steel: ... Design and construction; Architect(s) William Nicholson: The Flintstone House is a free-form, ... causing the walls to crack. After failed ...