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Desertification is one of the issues of environmental concern in Nigeria, particularly the northern part of the country. According to UNEP [4] in 1993, Northern Nigeria has one of the highest rates of deforestation in the world at about 3.5%, caused by land degradation, increase in agricultural intensity, over-grazing of livestock, and demand for fuel by cutting down trees.
Long-term drought in Nigeria has resulted in desertification and a shortage of land for raising cattle and growing crops. [1] To obtain land for farming or grazing, farmers and herdsmen are encouraged to go to new areas, which frequently leads to violence [2] [3] [4] Herdsmen and farmers have been engaged in increasingly violent fights over the previous two years.
Northern Nigeria is located in semi-arid regions bordering the Sahara Desert, receiving an average annual rainfall of less than 600 mm. [45] This rainfall pattern has contributed to desertification encroachment in the northernmost states of Nigeria.
The foremost cause, considered an indirect driver of deforestation, is the most significant. While Nigeria's forests make a substantial contribution to the GDP, diligent policies to regulate human activities within forests and preserve this valuable resource are lacking.
Some of the causes of climate change in Nigeria are: Deforestation; Bush Burning; While the academic community are informed about climate change and its effects, considering the amount of research conducted on the subject, less educated communities and those in rural areas have not regularly demonstrated climate change knowledge.
Desertification has substantial economic consequences in Africa, particularly in places where agriculture and natural resource utilization are the predominant sources of revenue. Desertification reduces crop yields, causes food shortages, and increases poverty in impacted populations by destroying fertile land and water supplies.
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The Gobi desert continues to expand northward, with over 70% of Mongolia's land degraded through overgrazing, deforestation, and climate change. [64] In addition, the Mongolia government has listed forest fires, blights, unsustainable forestry and mining activities as leading causes of desertification in the country. [65]