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  2. Quadrangle (geography) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quadrangle_(geography)

    A quadrangle is defined by north and south boundaries of constant latitude (which are not great circles so are curved), and by east and west boundaries of constant longitude. From approximately 1947–1992, the USGS produced the 7.5 minute series, with each map covering an area one-quarter of the older 15-minute quad series, which it replaced. [1]

  3. Glossary of geography terms (N–Z) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_geography_terms...

    On a standard quadrangle map, the neatlines are the meridians and parallels delimiting the quadrangle. [3] neck 1. A narrow stretch of land with water on each side, e.g. an isthmus or promontory. [4] 2. A narrow stretch of woodland or of ice. [4] 3. A high level pass, especially the narrowest part. [4] nehrung

  4. Topographic map - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Topographic_map

    In modern mapping, a topographic map or topographic sheet is a type of map characterized by large-scale detail and quantitative representation of relief features, usually using contour lines (connecting points of equal elevation), but historically using a variety of methods.

  5. Public Land Survey System - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_Land_Survey_System

    This United States General Land Office diagram shows the theoretical sectioning of a standard survey township. A specific and terse location descriptor is always used, in which the townships and sections are indexed based on (1) the township's position relative to the initial point, (2) the section's location within the designated township, and ...

  6. Section (United States land surveying) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Section_(United_States...

    The existence of section lines made property descriptions far more straightforward than the old metes and bounds system. The establishment of standard east-west and north-south lines ("township" and "range lines") meant that deeds could be written without regard to temporary terrain features such as trees, piles of rocks, fences, and the like, and be worded in the style such as "Lying and ...

  7. McKelvey diagram - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/McKelvey_diagram

    A McKelvey diagram or McKelvey box is a visual representation used to describe a natural resource such as a mineral or fossil fuel, based on the geologic certainty of its presence and its economic potential for recovery. The diagram is used to estimate the uncertainty and risk associated with availability of a natural resource.

  8. Geological survey - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geological_survey

    A geological survey is the systematic investigation of the geology beneath a given piece of ground for the purpose of creating a geological map or model.Geological surveying employs techniques from the traditional walk-over survey, studying outcrops and landforms, to intrusive methods, such as hand augering and machine-driven boreholes, to the use of geophysical techniques and remote sensing ...

  9. World Geographic Reference System - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_geographic_reference...

    Hence, any 15 degree quadrangle can be identified by two letters; the easting (longitude) is given first, followed by the northing (latitude). These two letters are the first two characters of a full GEOREF coordinate. Each 15-degree quadrangle is further divided into smaller quadrangles, measuring 1 degree of longitude by 1 degree of latitude.