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Race has been a factor in the United States criminal justice system since the system's beginnings, as the nation was founded on Native American soil. [32] It continues to be a factor throughout United States history through the present, with organizations such as Black Lives Matter calling for decarceration through divestment from police and prisons and reinvestment in public education and ...
On January 1, 2008 more than 1 in 100 adults in the United States were in prison or jail. [7] [8] Total U.S. incarceration peaked in 2008. [5] The U.S. incarceration rate was the highest in the world in 2008. [4] It is no longer the highest rate. [9] The United States has one of the highest rates of female incarceration. [10]
Georgia Historical Quarterly 66.4 (1982): 492–513. online; Blassingame, John W. "Before the Ghetto: The Making of the Black Community in Savannah, Georgia, 1865-1880." Journal of Social History 6#4 (1973), pp. 463–88. ]online; Dittmer, John. Black Georgia in the Progressive Era, 1900-1920 (University of Illinois Press, 1980).
The rate of incarceration for blacks declined -2.0% per year, for Hispanics it declined -2.3% per year, while for whites it declined only -0.1% per year. Blacks today continue to be incarcerated at a rate over 2.1 times Hispanics and 5.6 times whites. [22] The disparity varies widely by state and region.
Derivative of File:US incarceration timeline.gif - see its description for detailed data sourcing. Some sources for stats for years covered beyond that in File:US incarceration timeline.gif are below. BJS is U.S. Bureau of Justice Statistics. OJJDP is Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention. Correctional Population Trends Chart ...
Black and Hispanic women in particular have been disproportionately affected by the War on Drugs. Since 1986, incarceration rates have risen by 400% for women of all races, while rates for Black women have risen by 800%. [61] Formerly incarcerated Black women are also most negatively impacted by the collateral legal consequences of conviction. [62]
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The act created the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP) within the Department of Justice to administer grants for juvenile crime-combating programs (currently only about US$900,000 a year), gather national statistics on juvenile crime, fund research on youth crime and administer four anti-confinement mandates regarding ...