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Myelination of a peripheral nerve by a Schwann cell. Myelinogenesis is the formation and development of myelin sheaths in the nervous system, typically initiated in late prenatal neurodevelopment and continuing throughout postnatal development. [1]
Schwann cells or neurolemmocytes (named after German physiologist Theodor Schwann) are the principal glia of the peripheral nervous system (PNS). Glial cells function to support neurons and in the PNS, also include satellite cells, olfactory ensheathing cells, enteric glia and glia that reside at sensory nerve endings, such as the Pacinian corpuscle.
In the central nervous system (brain, spinal cord and optic nerves), myelination is formed by specialized glial cells called oligodendrocytes, each of which sends out processes (limb-like extensions from the cell body) to myelinate multiple nearby axons; while in the peripheral nervous system, myelin is formed by Schwann cells (neurolemmocytes ...
MAG is believed to be involved in myelination during nerve regeneration in the PNS [6] and is vital for the long-term survival of the myelinated axons following myelinogenesis. [7] In the CNS MAG is one of three main myelin-associated inhibitors of axonal regeneration after injury, [ 8 ] making it an important protein for future research on ...
Neuroregeneration is the regrowth or repair of nervous tissues, cells or cell products. Neuroregenerative mechanisms may include generation of new neurons , glia , axons , myelin , or synapses . Neuroregeneration differs between the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and the central nervous system (CNS) by the functional mechanisms involved ...
It is formed by myelinating Schwann cells that wrap around the axon. The Schwann cells do not only create the myelin sheath, but also help protect the axon. The myelin sheath’s purpose is to allow the impulses from nerve cells to transmit quicker and fluently. It also prevents charges from leaking out of the nerves. 1. Axon 2. Nucleus of ...
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Oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs), also known as oligodendrocyte precursor cells, NG2-glia, O2A cells, or polydendrocytes, are a subtype of glia in the central nervous system named for their essential role as precursors to oligodendrocytes and myelin. [1] They are typically identified in the human by co-expression of PDGFRA and CSPG4.