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A person who does not belong to a widely held religion (especially one who is not a Christian, Jewish, or Muslim) as regarded by those who do. [129] Infidel A term used generally for non-believers. [130] Kafir A person who is a non believer. [131] Used by some Muslims. [132] Not to be confused with the South-African slur Kaffir. Murtad
The act of declaring another self-professed Muslim a kafir is known as takfir, [21] a practice that has been condemned but also employed in theological and political polemics over the centuries. [22] A dhimmi or mu'ahid is a historical term [23] for non-Muslims living in an Islamic state with legal protection.
Non-denominational Muslims (Arabic: مسلمون بلا طائفة, romanized: Muslimūn bi-la ṭā’ifa) are Muslims who do not belong to, do not self-identify with, or cannot be readily classified under one of the identifiable Islamic schools and branches.
In several countries, self-reported Muslims practice the religion at low levels. According to a 2012 survey by Pew Research Center, who interviewed Muslims across the world, about 1% of those interviewed in Azerbaijan, 5% in Albania, 9% in Uzbekistan, 10% in Kazakhstan, 19% in Russia, and 22% in Kosovo said that they attend mosque once a week or more.
In 2010, 74.1% of the world's Muslim population lived in countries where Muslims are in the majority, while 25.9% of the world's Muslim population lived in countries where Muslims are in the minority. [113] A Pew Center study in 2010 found that 3% of the world's Muslims population live in non-Muslim-majority developed countries. [113]
Non-Muslim members have equal political and cultural rights as Muslims. They will have autonomy and freedom of religion. [142] Non-Muslims will take up arms against the enemy of the Ummah and share the cost of war. There is to be no treachery between the two. [143] Non-Muslims will not be obliged to take part in religious wars of the Muslims. [144]
Non-denominational Muslims is an umbrella term that has been used for and by Muslims who do not belong to or do not self-identify with a specific Islamic denomination. [ 376 ] [ 377 ] Recent surveys report that large proportions of Muslims in some parts of the world self-identify as "just Muslim", although there is little published analysis ...
A woman born to a Muslim parent is considered an apostate if she marries a non-Muslim, [113] [114] even if her Muslim parent did not raise her and she has always practiced another religion; and whether or not they know anything about Islam, by simply practicing the (new) religion of their parent(s) they become apostates (according to the ...