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It is the official journal of the International Water Resources Association and was established in 1972. The journal is published by Routledge in 8 issues per year and focuses on international water resources including science, technology, governance, management, and policy. [1]
The International Water Resources Association (IWRA) is a non-profit organization and a non-governmental organization, with the purpose of improving the management of water resources. It is a professional network of water experts which facilitates global knowledge sharing of water resources information across disciplines and geographies. [1]
Water resources are natural resources of water that are potentially useful for humans, for example as a source of drinking water supply or irrigation water. These resources can be either freshwater from natural sources, or water produced artificially from other sources, such as from reclaimed water or desalinated water (). 97% of the water on Earth is salt water and only three percent is fresh ...
Water basins do not align with national borders and an estimated 60% of worldwide freshwater flows across political boundaries. [16] Countries navigate managing shared water resources by making agreements in the form of treaties.
Global map of countries by total renewable internal freshwater resources (billion cubic meters) in 2020, according to World Bank [1]. This is the list of countries by total renewable water resources for the year 2020, based on the latest data available in January 2024, by World Bank and Food and Agriculture Organization (AQUASTAT data). [2]
Some of the UNECE's water related problems are of water quantity and water quality, high water stress and overexploitation of water resources, increasing droughts and floods, contaminated water resulting in water-related diseases, etc. These issues are even harder to solve due to transboundary nature of the water sources in the UNECE region.
The terms international waters or transboundary waters apply where any of the following types of bodies of water (or their drainage basins) transcend international boundaries: oceans, large marine ecosystems, enclosed or semi-enclosed regional seas and estuaries, rivers, lakes, groundwater systems , and wetlands.
The association traces its historical roots back to the International Water Supply Association (IWSA), established in June 1947 in Harrogate, United Kingdom, changing its name to International Water Service Association (IWSA) in the mid-1990s, and the International Association on Water Quality (IAWQ), which was originally formed as the International Association for Water Pollution Research ...