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Subclavian steal syndrome (SSS), also called subclavian steal steno-occlusive disease, is a medical condition characterized by retrograde (reversed) blood flow in the vertebral artery or the internal thoracic artery. This reversal occurs due to proximal stenosis (narrowing) or occlusion of the subclavian artery.
Subclavian steal syndrome occurs when there is occlusion or stenosis of the subclavian artery at a point before the branching of the vertebral artery. [7] This can cause blood to flow the wrong way through the vertebral artery into the distal subclavian artery, allowed by the reduced pressure. [7] [8]
Besides, overuse injury of the upper limbs causes swellings, small bleeding, and subsequent fibrosis which would cause the thrombosis of the subclavian vein, leading to Paget–Schroetter disease or effort-induced thrombosis. [7] TOS can be related to cerebrovascular arterial insufficiency when affecting the subclavian artery. [8]
The abdominal aneurysm extends down to the common iliac arteries in about 25%-30% of patients. In such cases, the iliac limbs can be extended into the external iliac artery to bypass a common iliac aneurysm. Alternatively, a specially designed endograft, (an iliac branch device) can be used to preserve flow to the internal iliac arteries.
The carotid artery is the large vertical artery in red. The blood supply to the common carotid artery starts at the arch of the aorta (left) or the subclavian artery (right). The common carotid artery divides into the internal carotid artery and the external carotid artery. Plaque often builds up at that division, and a carotid endarterectomy ...
[6] [8] Technical difficulties are because of loops and tortuosity of the radial and the subclavian artery, anatomical variations in radial artery, and radial spasm. [citation needed] Major complication associated with a transradial interventions include early and late radial artery occlusion. Most of the radial artery occlusions are asymptomatic.
Aberrant subclavian artery, or aberrant subclavian artery syndrome, is a rare anatomical variant of the origin of the right or left subclavian artery. This abnormality is the most common congenital vascular anomaly of the aortic arch , [ 1 ] occurring in approximately 1% of individuals.
Major aorta anatomy displaying ascending aorta, brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid artery, left subclavian artery, aortic isthmus, aortic arch, and descending thoracic aorta: Specialty: Vascular surgery