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Crocus sativus, commonly known as saffron crocus or autumn crocus, [2] is a species of flowering plant in the iris family Iridaceae. A cormous autumn-flowering cultivated perennial , unknown in the wild, [ 2 ] it is best known for the culinary use of its floral stigmas as the spice saffron .
The crocus has been known throughout recorded history, mainly as the source of saffron. Saffron is obtained from the dried stigma of Crocus sativus , an autumn-blooming species . It is valued as a spice and dyestuff , and is one of the most expensive spices in the world.
C. cartwrightianus is the presumed wild progenitor of the domesticated triploid Crocus sativus – the saffron crocus. [23] Saffron is the triploid form of a species found in Eastern Greece, Crocus cartwrightianus; it probably appeared first in Crete.
Saffron crocus, Crocus sativus, with its vivid crimson stigmas and styles Saffron "threads", plucked from crocus flowers and dried Saffron (/ ˈ s æ f r ə n,-r ɒ n /) [1] is a spice derived from the flower of Crocus sativus, commonly known as the "saffron crocus".
The saffron crocus is unknown in the wild; its most likely precursor, Crocus cartwrightianus, originated in Crete or Central Asia; [2] The saffron crocus is native to Southwest Asia, and is believed to have been first cultivated in Iran. [3] Greece, Turkey, and Kashmir have also been suggested as possible sites of origin. [4]
Sativa, [1] sativus, [2] and sativum [3] are Latin botanical adjectives meaning cultivated. It is often associated botanically with plants that promote good health and used to designate certain seed-grown domestic crops.
Crocus Crocus sativus Scientific classification Kingdom: Plantae Clade: Tracheophytes Clade: Angiosperms Clade: Monocots Order: Asparagales Family: Iridaceae Subfamily: Crocoideae Tribe: Ixieae Genus: Crocus L. Type species Crocus sativus L. Sections Crocus Nudiscapus Synonyms Safran Medik. Geanthus Raf. Crociris Schur This list of Crocus species shows the accepted species names within the ...
C. cartwrightianus is the presumed wild progenitor of the domesticated triploid Crocus sativus – the saffron crocus [8] [9] [10] with a population in Attica, Greece suggested as the closest known modern population to the saffron ancestors. [11] Saffron likely originated in Iran, [12] Greece [13] or Mesopotamia. [12]