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  2. Fraunhofer lines - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fraunhofer_lines

    There is disagreement in the literature for some line designations; for example, the Fraunhofer d line may refer to the cyan iron line at 466.814 nm, or alternatively to the yellow helium line (also labeled D 3) at 587.5618 nm. Similarly, there is ambiguity regarding the e line, since it can refer to the spectral lines of both iron (Fe) and ...

  3. Materials for use in vacuum - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materials_for_use_in_vacuum

    316L stainless steel a low-carbon and low-magnetic stainless steel, used in accelerator technologies. 347 stainless steel does not accept high polish. 321 stainless steel is chosen when low magnetic permeability is needed. Mild steel can be used for moderate vacuums above 1 × 10 −6 torrs (1.3 × 10 −7 kPa).

  4. Metallicity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metallicity

    The globular cluster M80. Stars in globular clusters are mainly older metal-poor members of population II. In astronomy, metallicity is the abundance of elements present in an object that are heavier than hydrogen and helium. Most of the normal currently detectable (i.e. non- dark) matter in the universe is either hydrogen or helium, and ...

  5. Shielding gas - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shielding_gas

    A-25 (25% argon/75% helium) is used for nonferrous base when higher heat input and good weld appearance are needed. A-50 (50% argon/50% helium) is used for nonferrous metals thinner than 0.75 inch for high-speed mechanized welding. A-75 (75% argon/25% helium) is used for mechanized welding of thick aluminium. Reduces weld porosity in copper. [14]

  6. The U.S. just sold its helium stockpile. Here's why the ...

    www.aol.com/news/u-just-sold-helium-stockpile...

    On Thursday, the U.S. government sold the Federal Helium Reserve, a massive underground stockpile based in Amarillo, Texas, that supplies up to 30% of the country’s helium.

  7. Helium - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helium

    Helium. hexagonal close-packed (hcp) Helium (from Greek: ἥλιος, romanized: helios, lit. 'sun') is a chemical element; it has symbol He and atomic number 2. It is a colorless, odorless, non-toxic, inert, monatomic gas and the first in the noble gas group in the periodic table.

  8. Prices of chemical elements - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prices_of_chemical_elements

    In the form of boric acid, price per boron contained. Min. 99% pure. 6: C: Carbon: 2.267: 200 (5.54 × 10 18 kg) 0.122: 0.28: 2018: EIA Coal [19] In the form of anthracite, price per carbon contained, assuming 90% carbon content. There is a wide variation of price of carbon depending on its form.

  9. Stellar classification - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stellar_classification

    They have strong hydrogen lines, at a maximum by A0, and also lines of ionized metals (Fe II, Mg II, Si II) at a maximum at A5. The presence of Ca II lines is notably strengthening by this point. About 1 in 160 (0.625%) of the main-sequence stars in the solar neighborhood are A-type stars, [ c ] [ 10 ] which includes 9 stars within 15 parsecs.