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  2. Pre- and post-test probability - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pre-_and_post-test_probability

    Post-test probability, as estimated from the pre-test probability with likelihood ratio, should be handled with caution in individuals with other determinants (such as risk factors) than the general population, as well as in individuals that have undergone previous tests, because such determinants or tests may also influence the test itself in ...

  3. Likelihood ratios in diagnostic testing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Likelihood_ratios_in...

    Alternatively, post-test probability can be calculated directly from the pre-test probability and the likelihood ratio using the equation: P' = P0 × LR/(1 − P0 + P0×LR), where P0 is the pre-test probability, P' is the post-test probability, and LR is the likelihood ratio. This formula can be calculated algebraically by combining the steps ...

  4. Positive and negative predictive values - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Positive_and_negative...

    When an individual being tested has a different pre-test probability of having a condition than the control groups used to establish the PPV and NPV, the PPV and NPV are generally distinguished from the positive and negative post-test probabilities, with the PPV and NPV referring to the ones established by the control groups, and the post-test ...

  5. Post-test odds - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-test_odds

    Post-test odds may refer to: Bayes' theorem in terms of odds and likelihood ratio. Post test odds as related to pre- and post-test probability. Category: Disambiguation pages.

  6. Pre-test probability - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/?title=Pre-test_probability&...

    This page was last edited on 30 January 2011, at 09:15 (UTC).; Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 4.0; additional terms may apply.

  7. Selection bias - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selection_bias

    Selection bias. Selection bias is the bias introduced by the selection of individuals, groups, or data for analysis in such a way that proper randomization is not achieved, thereby failing to ensure that the sample obtained is representative of the population intended to be analyzed. [1] It is sometimes referred to as the selection effect.

  8. Medical test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_test

    A medical test is a medical procedure performed to detect, diagnose, or monitor diseases, disease processes, susceptibility, or to determine a course of treatment. Medical tests such as, physical and visual exams, diagnostic imaging, genetic testing, chemical and cellular analysis, relating to clinical chemistry and molecular diagnostics, are typically performed in a medical setting.

  9. Cohen's h - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cohen's_h

    h. In statistics, Cohen's h, popularized by Jacob Cohen, is a measure of distance between two proportions or probabilities. Cohen's h has several related uses: It can be used to describe the difference between two proportions as "small", "medium", or "large". It can be used to determine if the difference between two proportions is "meaningful".

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