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Meritocracy (merit, from Latin mereō, and -cracy, from Ancient Greek κράτος kratos 'strength, power') is the notion of a political system in which economic goods or political power are vested in individual people based on ability and talent, rather than wealth or social class. [1]
The merit system is the process of promoting and hiring government employees based on their ability to perform a job, rather than on their political connections. [1] It is the opposite of the spoils system .
For example, the US Army Meritorious Civilian Service Award is equivalent to the US military Legion of Merit, [1] while the US Air Force Meritorious Civilian Service Award is equivalent to the lower US military Meritorious Service Medal. [2] Examples of Meritorious Civilian Service Awards include but are not limited to:
A merit good can be defined as a good which would be under-consumed (and under-produced) by a free market economy, due to two main reasons: When consumed, a merit good creates positive externalities (an externality being a third party/spill-over effect of the consumption or production of the good/service). This means that there is a divergence ...
Merit pay, merit increase or pay for performance, ... One example of a system that uses merit-pay is the Teacher Advancement Program (TAP) ...
Merit has become part of rituals, daily and weekly practice, and festivals. In addition, there is a widespread custom of transferring merit to one's deceased relatives, of which the origin is still a matter of scholarly debate. Merit has been that important in Buddhist societies, that kingship was often legitimated through it, and still is.
Achieved status is a concept developed by the anthropologist Ralph Linton for a social position that a person can acquire on the basis of merit and is earned or chosen through one's own effort. It is the opposite of ascribed status and reflects personal skills, abilities, and efforts.
It is granted by Commanders of ACOMs, ASCCs, and DRUs; members of the SES serving as the director of a DRU; and the AASA for HQDA. May be further delegated to commanders MG and above or civilian equivalent and to Principal Officials of HQDA. The medal is the civil service equivalent of the military Legion of Merit. Originally established on 26 ...