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Geologically, the islands are not part of the Lesser Antilles Volcanic Arc. [1] Rather, Trinidad was once part of the South American mainland and is situated on its continental shelf, and Tobago is part of a sunken island arc chain related to the Pacific-derived Caribbean Plate. [1]
The island of Tobago is situated on the Tobago terrane, a section of crust bounded by the South American and Caribbean plates.It is bounded by faults formed from the Cretaceous to the present and comprises Cretaceous oceanic crust, volcanogenic and pelagic marine sedimentary rocks, late Cretaceous and Paleogene island arc volcanic rocks and overlying sedimentary rocks from the Neogene.
Trinidad has two seasons per the calendar year: the rainy season and the dry season. El Cerro del Aripo , at 940 metres (3,084 ft), is the highest point in Trinidad. It is part of the Aripo Massif and is located in the Northern Range on the island, northeast of the town of Arima .
Trinidad and Tobago, [a] officially the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago, is the southernmost island country in the Caribbean.Comprising the main islands of Trinidad and Tobago, along with numerous smaller islands, it is located 11 kilometres (6 nautical miles) northeast off the coast of Venezuela, 130 kilometres (70 nautical miles) south of Grenada, and west of Barbados.
The Five Islands in Trinidad and Tobago as seen approaching from the North The Five Islands (left), Carrera Island (middle), and the Point Gourde Peninsula at sunset. The view is looking southwest from Trinidad. The Five Islands are actually a group of six small islands lying west of Port of Spain in the Gulf of Paria. Also known as Las Cotorras.
N.B.: Territories in italics are parts of transregional sovereign states or non-sovereign dependencies. * These three Dutch Caribbean territories form the BES islands. † Physiographically, these are continental islands not part of the volcanic Windward Islands arc.
Contiguous transcontinental states are those countries that have one continuous or immediately adjacent piece of territory that spans a continental boundary.More specifically, they contain a portion of their territory on one continent and a portion of their territory on another continent, while having these two portions connected via a natural geological land connection (e.g. Russia) or the ...
Trinidad was connected to Venezuela (as also with Tobago) during the last ice age by natural "land bridges" between them. Trinidad and Tobago are part of the continental shelf of South America, and Trinidad is, at its closest, only about 11 kilometres (6.8 mi) from the South American mainland. [2]