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Compulsory education, for most people, is the period that they have access to a second or foreign language for the first time. In this period, the most professional foreign language education and academic atmosphere are provided to the students. They can get help and motivation from teachers and be activated by the peers at any time.
Sociolinguistics is the descriptive study of the interaction between society, including cultural norms, expectations, and context and language and the ways it is used. It can overlap with the sociology of language, which focuses on the effect of language on society.
His 1934 work "Thought and Language" [35] has been compared to Whorf's and taken as mutually supportive evidence of language's influence on cognition. [36] Drawing on Nietzsche's ideas of perspectivism Alfred Korzybski developed the theory of general semantics that has been compared to Whorf's notions of linguistic relativity. [37]
A bilingual individual's initial exposure to both languages may start in early childhood, e.g. before age 3, [5] but exposure may also begin later in life, in monolingual or bilingual education. Equal proficiency in a bilingual individuals' languages is rarely seen as it typically varies by domain. [6]
Languages or dialects associated with higher social classes, economic power, or political influence are often considered prestigious. Linguistic hierarchies are established in this way. [ 10 ] This perception can lead to positive attitudes toward those languages and negative attitudes toward others .
Language status is distinct from, though intertwined with, language prestige and language function. Language status is the given position (or standing) of a language against other languages. [9] A language garners status according to the fulfillment of four attributes, described in 1968 by two different authors, Heinz Kloss and William Stewart ...
There is a strong and a weak version of the hypothesis which argue for more or less influence of language on thought. The strong version, linguistic determinism , argues that without language there is and can be no thought (a largely discredited idea), while the weak version, linguistic relativity , supports the idea that there are some ...
Second-language acquisition (SLA), sometimes called second-language learning—otherwise referred to as L2 (language 2) acquisition, is the process by which people learn a second language. Second-language acquisition is also the scientific discipline devoted to studying that process.