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Viable inbred offspring are also likely to be inflicted with physical deformities and genetically inherited diseases. [69] Studies have confirmed an increase in several genetic disorders due to inbreeding such as blindness, hearing loss, neonatal diabetes, limb malformations, disorders of sex development, schizophrenia and several others.
Cognitive abilities among inbred and non-inbred children in "families of five Muslim populations of [the] Jammu region." [ 11 ] Multiple studies have established consanguinity as a high cause for birth defects and abnormalities.
The issue was titled the Negro Number and called on prominent African-Americans to display why birth control was beneficial to the African-American community. Authors such as W.E.B Du Bois and George Schuyler contributed to the magazine, each stating different reasons why they believed contraception was an asset for the Black community.
Across America, nearly 4 in 10 Black children live in areas with poor environmental and health conditions compared to 1 in 10 white children. Factories spew nitrogen oxide and particulate matter.
The CDC and National Birth Defect Project studied the incidence of birth defects in the US. Key findings include: Down syndrome was the most common condition with an estimated prevalence of 14.47 per 10,000 live births, implying about 6,000 diagnoses each year.
In April 2002, the Journal of Genetic Counseling released a report which estimated the average risk of birth defects in a child born of first cousins at 1.1–2.0 percentage points above the average base risk for non-cousin couples of 3%, or about the same as that of any woman over age 40. [218]
The actress Gemma Arterton was born with six fingers on each hand, the additional fingers being removed after birth. [52] Robert Chambers, purported author of Vestiges of the Natural History of Creation, and his brother William had six digits on each limb. [53] Lucille Clifton, an African-American poet and civil rights advocate. [54]
An explanation for the taboo is that it is due to an instinctual, inborn aversion that would lower the adverse genetic effects of inbreeding such as a higher incidence of congenital birth defects (see article Inbreeding depression). Since the rise of modern genetics, belief in this theory has grown.