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Priene is known to have been the site of high-quality Hellenistic art and architecture. The city's original position on Mount Mycale has never been discovered; however, it is believed that it was on a peninsula with two harbours.
Mycale (/ ˈ m ɪ k ə l i /) also Mykale and Mykali (Ancient Greek: Μυκάλη, Mykálē), called Samsun Dağı and Dilek Dağı (Dilek Peninsula) in modern Turkey, is a mountain on the west coast of central Anatolia in Turkey, north of the mouth of the Maeander and divided from the Greek island of Samos by the 1.6 km wide Mycale Strait.
The complete destruction of the Persian navy, along with the destruction of Mardonius' army at Plataea (allegedly on the same day as the Battle of Mycale), decisively ended the invasion of Greece. After Plataea and Mycale, the allied Greeks would take the offensive against the Persians, marking a new phase of the Greco-Persian Wars.
It was the main temple in Priene, although there was a temple of Zeus. [1] Built around 350 BC, [1] its construction was sponsored by Alexander the Great during his anabasis to the Persian Empire. [1] Its ruins sit at the foot of an escarpment of mount Mycale.
In this theory Melia was on a ridge of Çatallar Tepe, an elevation of the heights of the Samsun Range, ancient Mount Mycale, modern Dilek Peninsula. The range is roughly east-west, except for its curvature. On the north is a coastal plain that once was north Ionia, now is the location of Kuşadası.
As a result of this isolation, the area was considerably populated with numerous species of plants and wildlife, most of which still remain within the park today. Eventually, under Ancient Greek and especially Ionian influence, several settlements near Mount Mycale and the Büyük Menderes Delta were built, such as Priene and Miletus. [6]
Across the estuary loomed Mount Mycale, on the southern flank of which Priene was placed. Between Mount Grion and Mount Latmus was an estuary on the estuary, called the Latmian kolpos, [3] on the inland shore of which a smaller settlement, Heracleia, was placed. It was not part of the Ionian League. It may have been Carian.
Priene was about 15 kilometres (9 mi) away, on the opposite side of Mt. Mycale. The Prienians managed the sanctuary and presided at the sacrifices and sacred rites. The Panionium was the site of the Ionian religious festival and games ( panegyris ) called the Panionia (πανιώνια).