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The name army ant (or legionary ant or marabunta [1]) is applied to over 200 ant species in different lineages. Because of their aggressive predatory foraging groups, known as "raids", a huge number of ants forage simultaneously over a limited area.
Eciton burchellii is a species of New World army ant in the genus Eciton. This species performs expansive, organized swarm raids that give it the informal name, Eciton army ant. [2] This species displays a high degree of worker polymorphism. Sterile workers are of four discrete size-castes: minors, medias, porters (sub-majors), and soldiers ...
All species within the three army ant subfamilies have similar behavioral and reproductive traits such as, obligate collective foraging, nomadism, and highly modified queens called dichthadiigynes. [6] Aenictogiton or army ants never forage or hunt alone, they instead use leaderless, co-operative mass of ants to overwhelm their prey all at once.
Eciton army ants have a bi-phasic lifestyle in which they alternate between a nomadic phase and a statary phase. In the statary phase, which lasts about three weeks, the ants remain in the same location every night. They arrange their own living bodies into a nest, protecting the queen and her eggs in the middle.
Aenictus is a large army ant genus distributed in the Old World tropics and subtropics. [3] It contains about 181 species, [ 2 ] making it one of the larger ant genera of the world. [ 4 ]
Many species of ant in this subfamily are known as army ants that are distributed in the Old World and New World. [ 76 ] [ 77 ] Subfamily Dorylinae Leach, 1815 – 28 genera, 693 species [ 77 ] [ 78 ]
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