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UTF-32 (32-bit Unicode Transformation Format), sometimes called UCS-4, is a fixed-length encoding used to encode Unicode code points that uses exactly 32 bits (four bytes) per code point (but a number of leading bits must be zero as there are far fewer than 2 32 Unicode code points, needing actually only 21 bits). [1]
[1] [a] Most common variable-width encodings are multibyte encodings (aka MBCS – multi-byte character set), which use varying numbers of bytes to encode different characters. (Some authors, notably in Microsoft documentation, use the term multibyte character set, which is a misnomer , because representation size is an attribute of the ...
The length of a string can also be stored explicitly, for example by prefixing the string with the length as a byte value. This convention is used in many Pascal dialects; as a consequence, some people call such a string a Pascal string or P-string. Storing the string length as byte limits the maximum string length to 255.
Flow diagram. In computing, serialization (or serialisation, also referred to as pickling in Python) is the process of translating a data structure or object state into a format that can be stored (e.g. files in secondary storage devices, data buffers in primary storage devices) or transmitted (e.g. data streams over computer networks) and reconstructed later (possibly in a different computer ...
Some programming languages, such as Seed7, use UTF-32 as an internal representation for strings and characters. Recent versions of the Python programming language (beginning with 2.2) may also be configured to use UTF-32 as the representation for Unicode strings, effectively disseminating such encoding in high-level coded software.
The term string also does not always refer to a sequence of Unicode characters, instead referring to a sequence of bytes. For example, x86-64 has string instructions to move, set, search, or compare a sequence of items, where an item could be 1, 2, 4, or 8 bytes long. [26]
A tag of 2 indicates that the following byte string encodes an unsigned bignum. A tag of 32 indicates that the following text string is a URI as defined in RFC 3986. RFC 8746 defines tags 64–87 to encode homogeneous arrays of fixed-size integer or floating-point values as byte strings. The tag 55799 is allocated to mean "CBOR data follows".
Byte Strings are encoded as <length>:<contents>. The length is the number of bytes in the string, encoded in base 10. A colon (:) separates the length and the contents. The contents are the exact number of bytes specified by the length. Examples: An empty string is encoded as 0:. The string "bencode" is encoded as 7:bencode.