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A solid rocket booster (SRB) is a solid propellant motor used to provide thrust in spacecraft launches from initial launch through the first ascent. Many launch vehicles, including the Atlas V , [ 1 ] SLS and Space Shuttle , have used SRBs to give launch vehicles much of the thrust required to place the vehicle into orbit.
The rocket is launched using liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen cryogenic propellants. Rocket propellant is used as reaction mass ejected from a rocket engine to produce thrust. The energy required can either come from the propellants themselves, as with a chemical rocket, or from an external source, as with ion engines.
Polybutadiene acrylonitrile (PBAN) [1] copolymer, also noted as polybutadiene—acrylic acid—acrylonitrile terpolymer [2] is a copolymer compound used most frequently as a rocket propellant fuel mixed with ammonium perchlorate oxidizer. [3] It was the binder formulation widely used on the 1960s–1970s big boosters (e.g., Titan III and Space ...
The Graphite-Epoxy Motor (GEM) is a family of solid rocket boosters developed in the late 1980s and used since 1990. GEM motors are manufactured with carbon-fibre-reinforced polymer casings and a fuel consisting of HTPB-bound ammonium perchlorate composite propellant. GEM is produced by Northrop Grumman Space Systems. [1]
The Space Shuttle Solid Rocket Booster (SRB) was the first solid-propellant rocket to be used for primary propulsion on a vehicle used for human spaceflight. [1] A pair of them provided 85% of the Space Shuttle 's thrust at liftoff and for the first two minutes of ascent.
The Payload Assist Module (PAM) is a modular upper stage designed and built by McDonnell Douglas , using Thiokol Star-series solid propellant rocket motors. The PAM was used with the Space Shuttle , Delta , and Titan launchers and carried satellites from low Earth orbit to a geostationary transfer orbit or an interplanetary course.
Konstantin Tsiolkovsky proposed the use of liquid propellants in 1903, in his article Exploration of Outer Space by Means of Rocket Devices. [3] [4] On March 16, 1926, Robert H. Goddard used liquid oxygen (LOX) and gasoline as propellants for his first partially successful liquid-propellant rocket launch. Both propellants are readily available ...
A hypergolic propellant is a rocket propellant combination used in a rocket engine, whose components spontaneously ignite when they come into contact with each other. The two propellant components usually consist of a fuel and an oxidizer. The main advantages of hypergolic propellants are that they can be stored as liquids at room temperature ...