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Stronger excitation from sharp waves results in ripple oscillations, whereas weaker stimulations generate fast gamma patterns. [14] Besides they are shown to be region dependent, ripples that are the fastest oscillations are present in the CA1 region pyramidal cells while gamma oscillations dominate in CA3 region and parahippocampal structures.
Hippocampal replay is a phenomenon observed in rats, mice, [1] cats, rabbits, [2] songbirds [3] and monkeys. [4] During sleep or awake rest, replay refers to the re-occurrence of a sequence of cell activations that also occurred during activity, but the replay has a much faster time scale.
The lee side has a steeper slope than the stoss. The lee is always on the back side of the ripple, which is also on the opposite side of where the current flow meets the ripple. The current flows down the lee side. Stoss The stoss is the side of a wave or ripple that has a gentle slope versus a steeper slope.
Ripple marks, as identified in sediments and sedimentary rocks; Ripple (payment protocol), a real-time payment system by Ripple Labs; Ripple control, a form of electrical load management; Various brainwave patterns, including those which follow sharp waves in the hippocampus; Ripple I and Ripple II, 1962 US nuclear bomb tests in Operation Dominic
Pulsatile secretion is a biochemical phenomenon observed in a wide variety of cell and tissue types, in which chemical products are secreted in a regular temporal pattern. The most common cellular products observed to be released in this manner are intercellular signaling molecules such as hormones or neurotransmitters.
Similar patterns of gyri (peaks) and sulci (troughs) have been demonstrated in models of the brain starting from smooth, layered gels, with the patterns caused by compressive mechanical forces resulting from the expansion of the outer layer (representing the cortex) after the addition of a solvent. Numerical models in computer simulations ...
Ballantine scale – Marine biology measurement scale; Boussinesq approximation (water waves) – Approximation valid for weakly non-linear and fairly long waves; Mild-slope equation – Physics phenomenon and formula; Shallow water equations – Set of partial differential equations that describe the flow below a pressure surface in a fluid
In developmental biology, pattern formation refers to the generation of complex organizations of cell fates in space and time. The role of genes in pattern formation is an aspect of morphogenesis , the creation of diverse anatomies from similar genes, now being explored in the science of evolutionary developmental biology or evo-devo.