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The deceleron, or split aileron, was developed in the late 1940s by Northrop, originally for use on the F-89 Scorpion fighter. It is a two-part aileron that can be deflected as a unit to provide roll control, or split open to act as an air brake .
The name "aileron", from French, meaning "little wing", also refers to the extremities of a bird's wings used to control their flight. [2] [3] It first appeared in print in the 7th edition of Cassell's French-English Dictionary of 1877, with its lead meaning of "small wing". [4] In the context of powered airplanes it appears in print about 1908.
Using ailerons causes adverse yaw, meaning the nose of the aircraft yaws in a direction opposite to the aileron application. When moving the aileron control to bank the wings to the left, adverse yaw moves the nose of the aircraft to the right. Adverse yaw is most pronounced in low-speed aircraft with long wings, such as gliders.
A control system includes control surfaces which, when deflected, generate a moment (or couple from ailerons) about the cg which rotates the aircraft in pitch, roll, and yaw. For example, a pitching moment comes from a force applied at a distance forward or aft of the cg, causing the aircraft to pitch up or down.
Adverse yaw is a secondary effect of the inclination of the lift vectors on the wing due to its rolling velocity and of the application of the ailerons. [2]: 327 Some pilot training manuals focus mainly on the additional drag caused by the downward-deflected aileron [3] [4] and make only brief [5] or indirect [6] mentions of roll effects.
Cockpit controls and instrument panel of a Cessna 182D Skylane. Generally, the primary cockpit flight controls are arranged as follows: [2] A control yoke (also known as a control column), centre stick or side-stick (the latter two also colloquially known as a control or joystick), governs the aircraft's roll and pitch by moving the ailerons (or activating wing warping on some very early ...
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According to Helmut Reichmann, "...rudder against the string and/or aileron toward the string. In a spin the string always points to the inside." To center the ball on an inclinometer, apply rudder pressure on the side to which the ball is deflected. Use the simple rule, “step on the ball,” to remember which rudder pedal to press.