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Because acetic anhydride is not stable in water, the conversion is conducted under anhydrous conditions. To a decreasing extent, acetic anhydride is also prepared by the reaction of ketene with acetic acid at 45–55 °C and low pressure (0.05–0.2 bar). [8] H 2 C=C=O + CH 3 COOH → (CH 3 CO) 2 O (ΔH = −63 kJ/mol)
This page contains tables of azeotrope data for various binary and ternary mixtures of solvents. The data include the composition of a mixture by weight (in binary azeotropes, when only one fraction is given, it is the fraction of the second component), the boiling point (b.p.) of a component, the boiling point of a mixture, and the specific gravity of the mixture.
Boiling point (°C) K b (°C⋅kg/mol) Freezing point (°C) ... Water: 100.00 0.512 0.00 –1.86 K b & K f [2] Ethyl Acetate: 77.1 [5] Acetic Anhydride: 139.0 [6 ...
Gas properties Std enthalpy change of formation Δ f H o gas –438.1 kJ/mol Standard molar entropy S o gas: 282.84 J/(mol K) Heat capacity c p: 63.4 J/(mol K) van der Waals' constants [2] a = 1782.3 L 2 kPa/mol 2 b = 0.1068 liter per mole
N-Acetylanthranilic acid can be synthesized from 2-bromoacetanilide via palladium-catalyzed carbonylation in tri-n-butylamine-water at 110–130 °C, under 3 atm of carbon monoxide. [4] In the laboratory, it can be easily synthesized from anthranilic acid and acetic anhydride. N-Acetylanthranilic acid exhibits triboluminescence when crushed. [5]
Its half-life in water is approximately 45 min. a 25 °C at 2 < pH < 7. [4] Certain diketenes with two aliphatic chains, such as alkyl ketene dimers (AKDs), are used industrially to improve hydrophobicity in paper. At one time acetic anhydride was prepared by the reaction of ketene with acetic acid: [5]
Acetyl hypochlorite is reported to be produced by the reaction of acetic anhydride and dichlorine monoxide at very low temperatures: [2]. Cl 2 O + (CH3CO) 2 O → 2CH 3 COOCl. The liquid can be distilled at reduced pressure, however it cannot be heated, as it violently decomposes at 100 °C to acetic anhydride, oxygen, and chlorine gas, and reacts with water and alcohols.
Acetic acid can never be truly water-free in an atmosphere that contains water, so the presence of 0.1% water in glacial acetic acid lowers its melting point by 0.2 °C. [ 9 ] A common symbol for acetic acid is AcOH (or HOAc), where Ac is the pseudoelement symbol representing the acetyl group CH 3 −C(=O)− ; the conjugate base , acetate ( CH ...