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Water bath: to heat things uniformly from all sides at a set temperature up to the boiling point of water Needle Destroyer: Burns the needle electrically either cuts the syringe manually or burns it electrically Sharps container [4] A imperforable container for sharp wastes like needles, blades, microscope slides, broken glass, etc.
Water softening is the removal of calcium, magnesium, and certain other metal cations in hard water. The resulting soft water requires less soap for the same cleaning effort, as soap is not wasted bonding with calcium ions. Soft water also extends the lifetime of plumbing by reducing or eliminating scale build-up in pipes
Bleach or rubbing alcohol. Clean rags. Mineral oil. Linseed oil (optional) Step 1: Remove dirt. To start, use a stiff brush or scraper to remove as much dirt and mud off your tools as possible ...
Sterilization of an inoculation needle via alcohol burner. The inoculation needle is sterilized using the aseptic technique. [1] [2] [3] [7] An open flame from an incinerator, a bunsen burner, or an alcohol burner is used to flame along the tip and the length of the needle that is to be in contact with the inoculum (or the propagule).
Microorganisms growing on an agar plate. Sterilization (British English: sterilisation) refers to any process that removes, kills, or deactivates all forms of life (particularly microorganisms such as fungi, bacteria, spores, and unicellular eukaryotic organisms) and other biological agents (such as prions or viruses) present in fluid or on a specific surface or object. [1]
Like water softeners, dealkalizers contain ion-exchange resins that are regenerated with a concentrated salt solution - NaCl. In the case of a water softener, the cation exchange resin is exchanging sodium (the Na + ion of NaCl) for hardness minerals such as calcium and magnesium .
Sodium hexametaphosphate (SHMP) is a salt of composition Na 6 [(PO 3) 6]. [3] Sodium hexametaphosphate of commerce is typically a mixture of metaphosphates (empirical formula: NaPO 3), of which the hexamer is one, and is usually the compound referred to by this name.
It is also used as a precipitating water softener, which combines with hard water minerals (calcium- and magnesium-based minerals) to form an insoluble precipitate, removing these hardness minerals from the water. [5] It is the carbonate moiety which forms the precipitate, the bicarbonate being included to moderate the material's alkalinity.