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2. Zener diode - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zener_diode

   A Zener diode is a special type of diode designed to reliably allow current to flow "backwards" (inverted polarity) when a certain set reverse voltage, known as the Zener voltage, is reached. Zener diodes are manufactured with a great variety of Zener voltages and some are even variable.

3. Zener effect - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zener_effect

   In electronics, the Zener effect (employed most notably in the appropriately named Zener diode) is a type of electrical breakdown, discovered by Clarence Melvin Zener. It occurs in a reverse biased p-n diode when the electric field enables tunneling of electrons from the valence to the conduction band of a semiconductor , leading to numerous ...

4. Diode - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diode

   In the Zener diode, the concept of PIV is not applicable. A Zener diode contains a heavily doped p–n junction allowing electrons to tunnel from the valence band of the p-type material to the conduction band of the n-type material, such that the reverse voltage is "clamped" to a known value (called the Zener voltage), and avalanche does not ...

5. Zener - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zener

   Zener effect, a type of electrical breakdown which is employed in a Zener diode; Zener pinning, the influence of a dispersion of fine particles on the movement of low- and high angle grain boundaries through a polycrystalline material; Clarence Zener, the American physicist after whom the diode, effect, and pinning are named; Karl Zener, the ...

6. Avalanche breakdown - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avalanche_breakdown

   These diodes can indefinitely sustain a moderate level of current during breakdown. The voltage at which the breakdown occurs is called the breakdown voltage . There is a hysteresis effect; once avalanche breakdown has occurred, the material will continue to conduct even if the voltage across it drops below the breakdown voltage.

7. Electronic component - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_component

   Zener diode – allows current to flow "backwards" when a specific set voltage is reached. Transient voltage suppression diode (TVS), unipolar or bipolar – used to absorb high-voltage spikes Varicap, tuning diode, varactor, variable capacitance diode – a diode whose AC capacitance varies according to the DC voltage applied.