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  2. Attenuation coefficient - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attenuation_coefficient

    The absorption coefficient of a volume, denoted μ a, and the scattering coefficient of a volume, denoted μ s, are defined the same way as the attenuation coefficient. [ 6 ] The attenuation coefficient of a volume is the sum of absorption coefficient and scattering coefficients: [ 6 ]

  3. Mathematical descriptions of opacity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematical_descriptions...

    absorption coefficient is essentially (but not quite always) synonymous with attenuation coefficient; see attenuation coefficient for details; molar absorption coefficient or molar extinction coefficient , also called molar absorptivity , is the attenuation coefficient divided by molarity (and usually multiplied by ln(10), i.e., decadic); see ...

  4. Mass attenuation coefficient - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass_attenuation_coefficient

    Mass attenuation coefficients of selected elements for X-ray photons with energies up to 250 keV. The mass attenuation coefficient, or mass narrow beam attenuation coefficient of a material is the attenuation coefficient normalized by the density of the material; that is, the attenuation per unit mass (rather than per unit of distance).

  5. Attenuation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attenuation

    In engineering, attenuation is usually measured in units of decibels per unit length of medium (dB/cm, dB/km, etc.) and is represented by the attenuation coefficient of the medium in question. [1] Attenuation also occurs in earthquakes; when the seismic waves move farther away from the hypocenter, they grow smaller as they are attenuated by the ...

  6. Mean free path - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mean_free_path

    where μ is the linear attenuation coefficient, μ/ρ is the mass attenuation coefficient and ρ is the density of the material. The mass attenuation coefficient can be looked up or calculated for any material and energy combination using the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) databases. [7] [8]

  7. Regression dilution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regression_dilution

    Regression dilution, also known as regression attenuation, is the biasing of the linear regression slope towards zero (the underestimation of its absolute value), caused by errors in the independent variable.

  8. Transmittance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmittance

    ε i is the molar attenuation coefficient of the attenuating species i in the material sample; c i is the amount concentration of the attenuating species i in the material sample; ℓ is the path length of the beam of light through the material sample. Attenuation cross section and molar attenuation coefficient are related by

  9. Propagation constant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propagation_constant

    The primary coefficients are the physical properties of the line, namely R,C,L and G, from which the secondary coefficients may be derived using the telegrapher's equation. In the field of transmission lines, the term transmission coefficient has a different meaning despite the similarity of name: it is the companion of the reflection coefficient.