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By 1750 Liverpool was the pre-eminent slave trading port in Great Britain. Thereafter Liverpool's control of the industry continued to grow. [6] In the period between 1793 and 1807, when the slave trade was abolished, Liverpool accounted for 84.7% of all slave voyages, with London accounting for 12% and Bristol 3.3%. [7]
Portrait of James Penny by Thomas Hargreaves. James Penny (died 1799) was an English merchant and slave trader who was a prominent defender of the Liverpool slave trade.The famous Penny Lane street in Liverpool has been associated with him although it is now widely regarded as of an unconnected origin.
John Hardman (c.1694 – 6 December 1755) was an English merchant and slave trader from Lancashire, England, who was elected as Member of Parliament (MP) for Liverpool in 1754. He and his brother were the owners of Allerton Hall during the 17th century and are believed to have been involved in 46 slave voyages from 1729 to 1761. [1] [2]
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The Liverpool-born politician William Roscoe was member for Liverpool in 1806–1807, and was able to vote for the abolition of the slave trade in 1807. [20] This legislation imposed fines that did little to deter slave trade participants; 29 avowed slaving voyages left Liverpool in 1808, but none in 1809, two in 1810, and two more in 1811.
Edward Parr of Castle Street, merchant and apothecary, also listed, was the first cousin of the present John Parr. Edward was a merchant and slave trader with West Africa, the West Indies and Chesapeake Bay; member of the African Company of Merchants, 1752; shipowner (True Blue, 1758, etc.); and rumoured to be 'the second richest man in Liverpool'.
Thomas Parke (1729/30 – 1819) was a Liverpool slave trader, merchant, banker and privateer. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] He was part of the complex network of business interests and finance behind the African and Atlantic slave trade of the later 18th century.
In the 19th century, the street was later renamed to Bold Street after Jonas Bold, a slave merchant, sugar trader and banker, who became Lord Mayor of Liverpool in 1802. At the bottom of Bold Street stands The Lyceum Building, a historic landmark constructed in 1802, originally as a news room and England’s first subscription library. In 2001 ...