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Viral evolution is a subfield of evolutionary biology and virology that is specifically concerned with the evolution of viruses. [1] [2] Viruses have short generation times, and many—in particular RNA viruses—have relatively high mutation rates (on the order of one point mutation or more per genome per round of replication).
This is a list of all virus species, including satellites and viroids. Excluded are other ranks, and other non-cellular life such as prions. Also excluded are common names and obsolete names for viruses. The taxonomy is taken from ICTV taxonomy 2022 release [1] For a list of virus families and subfamilies, see List of virus families and ...
Life (and viruses) on other planetary bodies have two important potential origins: from Earth or from a second genesis (life originated on that planet). Ancient viruses could have been transported from Earth to another planetary body, perhaps following a massive meteorite impact or volcanic eruption. [ 1 ]
In fact, there are so many viruses that if you combined all of Earth’s viruses, they would cover an area spanning 100 million light-years, according to a study in Nature Reviews Microbiology.
In 1988 and 2002, thousands of harbour seals were killed in Europe by phocine distemper virus. [209] Many other viruses, including caliciviruses, herpesviruses, adenoviruses and parvoviruses, circulate in marine mammal populations. [204]
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See also Comparison of computer viruses. This is an alphabetical list of biological virus families and subfamilies; it includes those families and subfamilies listed by the ICTV 2023 report. [1] For a list of individual species, see List of virus species. For a list of virus genera, see List of virus genera.
Virosphere (virus diversity, virus world, global virosphere) was coined to refer to all those places in which viruses are found or which are affected by viruses. [1] [2] However, more recently virosphere has also been used to refer to the pool of viruses that occurs in all hosts and all environments, [3] as well as viruses associated with specific types of hosts (prokaryotic virosphere, [4 ...