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The Arctic Five [1] [2] [3] are the five littoral states bordering the Arctic Ocean: Canada, The Kingdom of Denmark (through Greenland and the Faroese Islands), Norway, The Russia Federation and the United States of America. [4] Arctic five states. Competing narratives exist regarding international governance of the Arctic. [5]
The Arctic Circle, roughly 67° north of the Equator, defines the boundary of the Arctic waters and lands. The Arctic Circle is one of the two polar circles, and the most northerly of the five major circles of latitude as shown on maps of Earth at about 66° 34' N. [1] Its southern equivalent is the Antarctic Circle.
The word Arctic comes from the Greek word ἀρκτικός (arktikos), "near the Bear, northern" [4] and from the word ἄρκτος (arktos), meaning bear. [5] The name refers either to the constellation known as Ursa Major, the "Great Bear", which is prominent in the northern portion of the celestial sphere, or to the constellation Ursa Minor, the "Little Bear", which contains the celestial ...
Description: Mercator's 1595 map of the Arctic. Mercator, Gerhard, 1512-1594. "Septentrionalium Terrarum descriptio" [1595]. First state, from his posthumously published atlas, Atlantis pars altera.
This map of the Arctic was created by State Department geographers as part of the U.S. Chairmanship of the Arctic Council. Author: U.S. State Department: Licensing.
The North American Arctic lies above the Arctic Circle. [3] It is part of the Arctic, which is the northernmost region on Earth. The western limit is the Seward Peninsula and the Bering Strait. The southern limit is the Arctic Circle latitude of 66° 33’N, which is the approximate limit of the midnight sun and the polar night. [4]
The Arctic Ocean is the smallest and shallowest of the world's five oceanic divisions. [1] It spans an area of approximately 14,060,000 km 2 (5,430,000 sq mi) and is the coldest of the world's oceans. The International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) recognizes it as an ocean, although some oceanographers call it the Arctic Mediterranean Sea. [2]
After Greenland, the archipelago is the world's largest high-Arctic land area. The climate of the islands is Arctic , and the terrain consists of tundra except in mountainous regions. Most of the islands are uninhabited; human settlement is extremely thin and scattered, being mainly coastal Inuit settlements on the southern islands.