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  2. Dissociation (chemistry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dissociation_(chemistry)

    It is usually indicated by the Greek symbol α. More accurately, degree of dissociation refers to the amount of solute dissociated into ions or radicals per mole. In case of very strong acids and bases, degree of dissociation will be close to 1. Less powerful acids and bases will have lesser degree of dissociation.

  3. Acid strength - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid_strength

    For example, acetic acid is a weak acid which has a = 1.75 x 10 −5. Its conjugate base is the acetate ion with K b = 10 −14 / K a = 5.7 x 10 −10 (from the relationship K a × K b = 10 −14 ), which certainly does not correspond to a strong base.

  4. Weak base - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weak_base

    A weak base is a base that, upon dissolution in water, does not dissociate completely, so that the resulting aqueous solution contains only a small proportion of hydroxide ions and the concerned basic radical, and a large proportion of undissociated molecules of the base.

  5. Brønsted–Lowry acid–base theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brønsted–Lowry_acid...

    In the above example, ethanoate is the base of the reverse reaction and hydronium ion is the acid. + + + One feature of the Brønsted–Lowry theory in contrast to Arrhenius theory is that it does not require an acid to dissociate.

  6. Aqueous solution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aqueous_solution

    Acids and bases are aqueous solutions, as part of their Arrhenius definitions. [1] An example of an Arrhenius acid is hydrogen chloride (HCl) because of its dissociation of the hydrogen ion when dissolved in water. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is an Arrhenius base because it dissociates the hydroxide ion when it is dissolved in water. [3]

  7. Leveling effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leveling_effect

    When a strong acid is dissolved in water, it reacts with it to form hydronium ion (H 3 O +). [2] An example of this would be the following reaction, where "HA" is the strong acid: HA + H 2 O → A − + H 3 O + Any acid that is stronger than H 3 O + reacts with H 2 O to form H 3 O +. Therefore, no acid stronger than H 3 O + exists in H 2 O.

  8. Base (chemistry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base_(chemistry)

    For example, in liquid ammonia, NH 2 − is the basic ion species which accepts protons from NH 4 +, the acidic species in this solvent. G. N. Lewis realized that water, ammonia, and other bases can form a bond with a proton due to the unshared pair of electrons that the bases possess. [3]

  9. Organic acid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organic_acid

    In general, organic acids are weak acids and do not dissociate completely in water, whereas the strong mineral acids do. Lower molecular mass organic acids such as formic and lactic acids are miscible in water, but higher molecular mass organic acids, such as benzoic acid , are insoluble in molecular (neutral) form.