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The replication crisis [a] is an ongoing methodological crisis in which the results of many scientific studies are difficult or impossible to reproduce. Because the reproducibility of empirical results is an essential part of the scientific method , [ 2 ] such failures undermine the credibility of theories building on them and potentially call ...
The Reproducibility Project is a series of crowdsourced collaborations aiming to reproduce published scientific studies, finding high rates of results which could not be replicated. It has resulted in two major initiatives focusing on the fields of psychology [ 1 ] and cancer biology. [ 2 ]
In 2021, another Reproducibility Project, Cancer Biology, analyzed 53 top papers about cancer published between 2010 and 2012 and established that the effect sizes were 85% smaller on average than the original findings . [38] During the 2010s, the concept of reproducibility crisis has been expanded to a wider array of disciplines.
Furthermore, there is strong evidence that the average statistical power of a study in many scientific fields is well below the benchmark level of 0.8. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ] Given the realities of bias, low statistical power, and a small number of true hypotheses, Ioannidis concludes that the majority of studies in a variety of scientific fields ...
For much of the past decade, policymakers and analysts have decried America's incredibly low savings rate, noting that U.S. households save a fraction of the money of the rest of the world.
According to Equity Forward's findings, Heartbeat International only provided one stroller for 1% of clients, one car seat for 1.6% of clients, and less than one pack of diapers per person.
Rising debt and deficits threaten not only economic growth and income levels, but also increase the risk of a severe U.S. fiscal crisis if investors lose faith in the government’s ability to ...
After 2005, research integrity has been additionally redefined through the perspective of research reproducibility and, more specifically, of the "reproducibility crisis". Studies of reproducibility suggest that there is continuum between irreproducibility, questionable research practices and scientific misconducts: "Reproducibility is not just ...