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Strictly speaking, Islamic law does not have a distinct corpus of "criminal law". Islamic law divides crimes into three different categories depending on the offense – Hudud (crimes "against God", [1] whose punishment is fixed in the Quran and the Hadiths), Qisas (crimes against an individual or family whose punishment is equal retaliation in ...
The "vast majority" of offences in the Iranian judiciary system "are related to Ta’zirat crimes," and their rules under Islamic criminal law are more flexible than with Hudud, Qisas and Diyat punishments. [34] A deterrent crime is a tazir crime that has a punishment in Iran's Penal Code (mostly based on pre-Revolutionary French civil law).
In modern usage, Islamic criminal law has been extracted and collated from that classical Islamic jurisprudence literature into three categories of rules: [2] Hadd (literally "limit" [10]) under Sharia, are rules stated in the Quran and the Hadiths, and whose violation is deemed in Islam as a crime against God, and requires a fixed punishment.
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At the national level, there are three systems of law in operation in Indonesia: civil law, commercial law, and criminal law. Outside Aceh, the influence of Islamic law is limited to civil law in the areas of marriage, inheritance, and religious endowments (Indonesian: waqaf), and to commercial law in certain areas of Islamic banking and finance. [10]
Hudud [a] is an Arabic word meaning "borders, boundaries, limits". [1] The word in applied in classical Islamic literature to punishments (ranging from public lashing, public stoning to death, amputation of hands, crucifixion, depending on the crime), [2] for a limited number of crimes (murder, adultery, slander theft, etc.), [3] [4] for which punishments have been determined (or traditionally ...
The criminal code of Afghanistan contain a general provision that certain crimes are to be punished according to Sharia, without specifying the penalties. In United Arab Emirates, Sharia in criminal law is only applicable in determining diyah amounts. [25] Some Nigerian states have also enacted Islamic criminal laws.
Islamic Law in Practice: The Application of Qisas and Diyat Law in Pakistan, Tahir Wasti, Y.B. Islamic & Middle Eastern Law (2007) The Modern Interpretation of the Diyat Formula for the Quantum of Damages: The Case of Homicide and Personal Injuries, S.Z. Ismail, Arab Law Quarterly, Volume 26, Issue 3, pp. 361–379