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The speed of sound is the distance travelled per unit of time by a sound wave as it propagates through an elastic medium. More simply, the speed of sound is how fast vibrations travel. At 20 °C (68 °F), the speed of sound in air, is about 343 m/s (1,125 ft/s; 1,235 km/h; 767 mph; 667 kn), or 1 km in 2.91 s or one mile in 4.69 s.
The SOFAR channel (short for sound fixing and ranging channel), or deep sound channel (DSC), [1] is a horizontal layer of water in the ocean at which depth the speed of sound is at its minimum. The SOFAR channel acts as a waveguide for sound, and low frequency sound waves within the channel may travel thousands of miles before dissipating.
Figure 1. Table 1's data in graphical format. Although given as a function of depth [note 1], the speed of sound in the ocean does not depend solely on depth.Rather, for a given depth, the speed of sound depends on the temperature at that depth, the depth itself, and the salinity at that depth, in that order.
Output of a computer model of underwater acoustic propagation in a simplified ocean environment. A seafloor map produced by multibeam sonar. Underwater acoustics (also known as hydroacoustics) is the study of the propagation of sound in water and the interaction of the mechanical waves that constitute sound with the water, its contents and its boundaries.
The name was given because the sound slowly decreases in frequency over about seven minutes. It was recorded using an autonomous hydrophone array. [8] The sound has been picked up several times each year since 1997. [9] One of the hypotheses on the origin of the sound is moving ice in Antarctica. Sound spectrograms of vibrations caused by ...
Chapman helped to analyze the data from the recordings in the 1980s and discovered the data contained a “gold mine” of information about many kinds of sound in the ocean, including from marine ...
The time difference, scaled by the speed of sound through water and divided by two, is the distance between the two platforms. ... or go deeper and faster, and thus ...
The study’s authors said the AMOC, which is weaker now than at any other time in the past millennium, is likely to become a third weaker than it was 70 years ago when the Earth passes the 2 ...