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The voiced alveolar sibilant is common across European languages, but is relatively uncommon cross-linguistically compared to the voiceless variant. Only about 28% of the world's languages contain a voiced dental or alveolar sibilant. Moreover, 85% of the languages with some form of [z] are languages of Europe, Africa, or Western Asia.
Features of the alveolar ejective fricative: Its manner of articulation is sibilant fricative, which means it is generally produced by channeling air flow along a groove in the back of the tongue up to the place of articulation, at which point it is focused against the sharp edge of the nearly clenched teeth, causing high-frequency turbulence.
The voiceless alveolar sibilant is a common consonant sound in vocal languages. It is the sound in English words such as sea and pass, and is represented in the International Phonetic Alphabet with s . It has a characteristic high-pitched, highly perceptible hissing sound.
Voiceless grooved lateral alveolar fricative, [ɬ͡s] (a laterally lisped /s/, with simultaneous airflow through the sibilant groove in the tongue and across the side of the tongue), intended for a lateral lisp: ʫ 𐞚 [d𐞚] U+02AB, U+1079A Voiced grooved lateral alveolar fricative, [ɮ͡z] (a laterally lisped /z/) ꞎ 𐞝 [ʈ𐞝] U+A78E ...
Features of the voiced alveolar fricative trill: Its manner of articulation is fricative trill, which means it is a non-sibilant fricative and a trill pronounced simultaneously. Its place of articulation is laminal alveolar, which means it is articulated with the blade of the tongue at the alveolar ridge.
alveolo-palatal sibilant fricatives [ɕ, ʑ]. Features of the voiced alveolo-palatal fricative: Its manner of articulation is sibilant fricative, which means it is generally produced by channeling air flow along a groove in the back of the tongue up to the place of articulation, at which point it is focused against the sharp edge of the nearly clenched teeth, causing high-frequency turbulence.
The voiced alveolar sibilant affricate [d͡z] is the most common type, similar to the ds in English lads. The voiced alveolar non-sibilant affricate [dð̠], or [dð͇] using the alveolar diacritic from the Extended IPA, is found, for example, in some dialects of English and Italian. The voiced alveolar retracted sibilant affricate [d͡z̺]
voiceless alveolar lateral fricative: Welsh: llwyd [ɬʊɪd] grey ɮ: voiced alveolar lateral fricative: Zulu: dlala [ˈɮálà] to play θ̠: voiceless alveolar non-sibilant fricative: Irish English: Italy [ˈɪθ̠ɪli] ð̠: voiced alveolar non-sibilant fricative: Scouse English: maid [meɪð̠] ɹ: voiced alveolar approximant: English: red ...