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This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 30 October 2024. Native Americans/First Nations peoples of the Great Plains of North America "Indigenous peoples of the Plains" redirects here. Not to be confused with Plains Indigenous peoples of Taiwan. "Buffalo culture" redirects here. For the culture of Buffalo, New York, see Buffalo, New York ...
The Plains Indians culture area is to the west; the Subarctic area to the north. The Indigenous people of the Eastern Woodlands spoke languages belonging to several language groups, including Algonquian , [ 2 ] Iroquoian , [ 2 ] Muskogean , and Siouan , as well as apparently isolated languages such as Calusa , Chitimacha , Natchez , Timucua ...
The Mandan population was 3,600 in the early 18th century. [2] It is estimated to have been 10,000–15,000 before European encounter. Decimated by a widespread smallpox epidemic in 1781, the people had to abandon several villages, and remnants of the Hidatsa also gathered with them in a reduced number of villages.
Joseph Brant, a Mohawk, depicted in a portrait by Charles Bird King, circa 1835 Three Lenape people, depicted in a painting by George Catlin in the 1860s. Indigenous peoples of the Northeastern Woodlands include Native American tribes and First Nation bands residing in or originating from a cultural area encompassing the northeastern and Midwest United States and southeastern Canada. [1]
Smallpox epidemics in 1780–1782 and 1837–1838 brought devastation and drastic depopulation among the Plains Indians. [53] [54] By 1832, the federal government established a smallpox vaccination program for Native Americans (The Indian Vaccination Act of 1832). It was the first federal program created to address the health problems of Native ...
Later they moved out on the prairie (Mashkotêwi) along the Mississippi and adopted the semi-sedentary lifestyle of Plains Indians (Mashkotêwineniwa). In addition to hunting buffalo, they lived in villages, raised crops, and actively traded with other tribes. The Sauk and allied eastern tribes had to compete with tribes who already occupied ...
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Echinacea, Echinacea angustifolia was widely used by the North American Plains Indians for its general medicinal qualities. [42] Echinacea was one of the basic antimicrobial herbs of eclectic medicine from the mid 19th century through the early 20th century, and its use was documented for snakebite, anthrax, and for relief of pain. In the 1930s ...