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Bertrand Arthur William Russell, 3rd Earl Russell, OM, FRS [7] (18 May 1872 – 2 February 1970) was a British philosopher, logician, mathematician, and public intellectual. He had influence on mathematics , logic , set theory , and various areas of analytic philosophy .
— Bertrand Russell, Autobiography of Bertrand Russell, pg. 36 Russell made an influential analysis of the omphalos hypothesis enunciated by Philip Henry Gosse —that any argument suggesting that the world was created as if it were already in motion could just as easily make it a few minutes old as a few thousand years:
[6] In 1948 in Isis, Leo Roberts wrote that while Russell was a deft and witty writer, A History of Western Philosophy was perhaps the worst of Russell's books. In his view, Russell was at his best when dealing with contemporary philosophy, and that in contrast "his treatment of ancient and medieval doctrines is nearly worthless."
[a] [4] Religious sceptics, and supporters of women's rights and abortion, they lived in an open marriage at the hall with their children's tutor, Douglas Spalding. [5] On 18 May 1872 their son, Bertrand was born at Cleddon. [6] Within three years of his birth, his parents were dead and he was sent to live with his grandparents in London. [7]
Russell gives an account of his philosophical development. He describes his Hegelian period and includes hitherto unpublished notes for a Hegelian philosophy of science. He deals next with the two-fold revolution involved with his abandonment of idealism and adoption of a mathematical logic founded upon that of Giuseppe Peano.
The collection includes essays on the subjects of sociology, ethics and philosophy.In the eponymous essay, Russell displays a series of arguments and reasoning with the aim of stating how the 'belief in the virtue of labour causes great evils in the modern world, and that the road to happiness and prosperity lies instead in a diminution of labour' and how work 'is by no means one of the ...
Russell criticised the official account of the assassination of John F. Kennedy in "16 Questions on the Assassination", 1964. [9] He was thanked in the acknowledgements section of Mark Lane's book Rush to Judgment for being "kind enough to read the manuscript and make suggestions". [10]
The distinction in its present form was first proposed by British philosopher Bertrand Russell in his famous 1905 paper, "On Denoting". [2] According to Russell, knowledge by acquaintance is obtained exclusively through experience, and results from a direct causal interaction between a person and an object that the person is perceiving.