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The shorter 14.5-inch (37 cm) barrel of the M4 carbine (with a STANAG 4172 conform 1:7 twist and M855/SS109 5.56 rounds^) generates significantly lower muzzle velocity, reducing the likelihood that the bullet will upset (yaw, fragment, or expand) in the target and resulting in less significant wounds.
From the 14.5 in (370 mm) barrel of the M4 carbine, the M855 5.56×45mm round has an effective point target range of 500 meters. The bullet has significant drop, drift, and energy loss at that distance. From a 16 in (410 mm) barrel, a 125 gr (8.1 g) .300 BLK round has a lower velocity and similar bullet drop and drift at shorter distances.
The M27 Infantry Automatic Rifle (IAR) is a 5.56mm, select-fire assault rifle / squad automatic weapon developed from the HK416 by Heckler & Koch.It is used by the United States Marine Corps (USMC) and was originally intended for automatic riflemen, [6] but now is issued to all infantry riflemen as a replacement for the M4 carbine.
The M4's 14.5" barrel length reduces muzzle velocity to about 2900 ft/s. [193] This reduced wounding ability is one reason that, despite the Army's transition to short-barrel M4s, the Marine Corps has decided to continue using the M16A4 with its 20″ barrel as the 5.56×45mm M855 is largely dependent upon high velocity to wound effectively. [44]
The IWI Carmel is a short-stroke, gas-piston operated rifle chambered in 5.56x45mm, similar to the CZ BREN 2 and the FN SCAR-L.The free-floating barrel is chrome lined and cold hammer-forged, with a 1:7 twist rate and available in a variety of barrel lengths: 10.5", 12", 14.5" and 16".
Barrel manufacturers include X-Caliber, McGowen, AR Precision, and PAC-NOR. By the end of April 2016, more than 1,000 .277 Wolverine barrels had been sold, with more than 2,000 by mid-November 2017. [citation needed] Barrels lengths include: 8.2, 10.5, 12.5, and 14.5 inch pistol; 16, 18, and 20 inch rifle.
All SIG516 models except the Marksman are equipped with 16-inch (406 mm) barrels shrouded by a free-floating M1913 Picatinny rail, as well as flip-up iron sights made by SIG Sauer. [4] The 5.56×45mm NATO SIG516 models accept STANAG box magazines. These magazines are constructed in 5-, 10-, 20-, and 30-round variants.
The Type CQ is an unlicensed Chinese variant of the M16 rifle manufactured by Norinco. [3] According to the Norinco website, the rifle is officially known as CQ 5.56. [4]It can be distinguished from other AR-15 and M16 pattern rifles by its long, revolver-like pistol grip, somewhat rounded handguards, and the unique shape of its stock.