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The principle of operation of such a scale hypsometer is based on the idea of similar triangles in geometry. First the adjustable vertical scale is set at a suitable height. Then as in step 1 in the illustration, a sighting is taken on the top of the object whose height is to be determined, and the reading on the horizontal scale, h', recorded.
Barometer for measuring atmospheric pressure; Hygrometer for measuring humidity; Anemometer for measuring wind speed; Pyranometer for measuring solar radiation; Rain gauge for measuring liquid precipitation over a set period of time; Wind sock for measuring general wind speed and wind direction; Wind vane (also called a weather vane or a ...
Although pressure is defined mechanically, a pressure-measuring device called a barometer may also be constructed from a sample of an ideal gas held at a constant temperature. A calorimeter is a device which is used to measure and define the internal energy of a system. Some common thermodynamic meters are:
An inclinometer or clinometer is an instrument used for measuring angles of slope, elevation, or depression of an object with respect to gravity's direction. It is also known as a tilt indicator , tilt sensor , tilt meter , slope alert , slope gauge , gradient meter , gradiometer , level gauge , level meter , declinometer , and pitch & roll ...
1742 — Anders Celsius proposed a temperature scale in which 100 represented the temperature of melting ice and 0 represented the boiling point of water at 25 inches and 3 lines of barometric mercury height. [8] This corresponds to 751.16 mm, [9] so that on the present-day definition, this boiling point is 99.67 degrees Celsius. [10]
The range between the maximum and minimum values of a meteorological quantity (e.g. temperature, pressure, relative humidity) observed during the course of a solar day. [1] Dobson unit (DU) A unit of measurement used to describe the quantity of a trace gas (primarily atmospheric ozone concentrations) present in a vertical column of the
In 1714, Gabriel Fahrenheit creates a reliable scale for measuring temperature with a mercury-type thermometer. [2] In 1742, Anders Celsius, a Swedish astronomer, proposed the 'centigrade' temperature scale, the predecessor of the current Celsius scale. [3] In 1783, the first hair hygrometer is demonstrated by Horace-Bénédict de Saussure.
Such temperature scales that are purely based on measurement are called empirical temperature scales. The second law of thermodynamics provides a fundamental, natural definition of thermodynamic temperature starting with a null point of absolute zero. A scale for thermodynamic temperature is established similarly to the empirical temperature ...