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Typical sensors acquire air pressure, sea surface temperature, irradiance and salinity. A drifter (not to be confused with a float) is an oceanographic device floating on the surface to investigate ocean currents by tracking location. They can also measure other parameters like sea surface temperature, salinity, barometric pressure, and wave ...
Mooring as deployed in Fram Strait with top buoy, a CTD-sensor, two rotor current meters, acoustic release and train wheels as anchor. A mooring in oceanography is a collection of devices connected to a wire and anchored on the sea floor. It is the Eulerian way of measuring ocean currents, since a mooring is
Under the influence of water currents (and wind if the top buoy is above the sea surface) the shape of the mooring line can be determined and by this the actual depth of the instruments. [ 8 ] [ 9 ] If the currents are strong (above 0.1 m/s ) and the mooring lines are long (more than 1 km ), the instrument position may vary up to 50 m .
Weather Buoy / Data Buoy / Oceanographic Buoy operated by the Marine Data Service. The first known proposal for surface weather observations at sea occurred in connection with aviation in August 1927, when Grover Loening stated that "weather stations along the ocean coupled with the development of the seaplane to have an equally long range, would result in regular ocean flights within ten years."
To deduce the sea surface height from the satellite height the two-way travel time has to be corrected for dynamical errors, the atmospheric conditions and the local geoid height . The local change of the sea surface height due to dynamical effects like wind and currents can be expressed using the following formula.
A rotor current meter (RCM) is a mechanical current meter, an oceanographic device deployed within an oceanographic mooring measuring the flow within the world oceans to learn more about ocean currents. Many RCMs have been replaced by instruments measuring the flow by hydroacoustics, the so-called Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers.
A bottom-mounted ADCP can measure the speed and direction of currents at equal intervals all the way to the surface. Mounted sideways on a wall or bridge piling in rivers or canals, it can measure the current profile from bank to bank. In very deep water they can be lowered on cables from the surface. The primary usage is for oceanography. [4]
RAFOS floats [1] are submersible devices used to map ocean currents well below the surface. They drift with these deep currents and listen for acoustic "pongs" emitted at designated times from multiple moored sound sources. By analyzing the time required for each pong to reach a float, researchers can pinpoint its position by trilateration.