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The Teutonic Order is a Catholic religious institution founded as a military society c. 1190 in Acre, Kingdom of Jerusalem.The Order of Brothers of the German House of Saint Mary in Jerusalem was formed to aid Christians on their pilgrimages to the Holy Land and to establish hospitals.
The Order continued attacking and destroying inner walls, but defenders would quickly repair the damage. [3] " Der deutsche Orden erstürmt Kauen". "The German Order [Teutonic Order] storms Kauen [an older German name for Kaunas]". Adolf Ehrhardt 's 19th century depiction of the Teutonic Order's victory at Kaunas.
The Teutonic Order initially planned to incorporate all of Lithuania into the Teutonic State, as it had with Prussia, but those plans faced strong Lithuanian resistance. [13] The Teutonic Order's principal objective was to conquer the Lithuanian lowland region, Samogitia, and build fortresses there to solidify their control.
Extent of the Teutonic Order in 1410. A military order (Latin: militaris ordo) is a Christian religious society of knights. The original military orders were the Knights Templar, the Knights Hospitaller, the Order of the Holy Sepulchre, the Order of Saint James, the Order of Calatrava, and the Teutonic Knights.
The Battle of Grunwald [a] was fought on 15 July 1410 during the Polish–Lithuanian–Teutonic War.The alliance of the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, led respectively by King Władysław II Jagiełło (Jogaila), and Grand Duke Vytautas, decisively defeated the German Teutonic Order, led by Grand Master Ulrich von Jungingen.
The Teutonic Order relinquished its claims to Samogitia but only for the lifetimes of Polish King Jogaila and Lithuanian Grand Duke Vytautas. After their deaths, Samogitia was to return to the Knights. (Both rulers were at the time aged men. [9]) In the south, the Dobrzyń Land, captured by the Knights during the war, was ceded back to Poland ...
April 17 – Kaunas Castle in Lithuania falls to the Teutonic Order, after a month-long siege. June – Under the terms of the will of Sir John de Wingfield (died 1361), the church of St. Andrew and a college of priests are founded in Wingfield, Suffolk, England. June 22 – An alliance is formed between England and Castile. [12]
The State of the Teutonic Order (Latin: Civitas Ordinis Theutonici) [a] was a theocratic state located along the southeastern shore of the Baltic Sea in northern Europe. It was formed by the knights of the Teutonic Order during the early 13th century Northern Crusades in the region of Prussia.