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The format of an n-bit posit is given a label of "posit" followed by the decimal digits of n (e.g., the 16-bit posit format is "posit16") and consists of four sequential fields: sign: 1 bit, representing an unsigned integer s; regime: at least 2 bits and up to (n − 1), representing an unsigned integer r as described below
For example, a two's complement signed 16-bit integer can hold the values −32768 to 32767 inclusively, while an unsigned 16 bit integer can hold the values 0 to 65535. For this sign representation method, the leftmost bit ( most significant bit ) denotes whether the value is negative (0 for positive or zero, 1 for negative).
an 11-bit binary exponent, using "excess-1023" format. Excess-1023 means the exponent appears as an unsigned binary integer from 0 to 2047; subtracting 1023 gives the actual signed value; a 52-bit significand, also an unsigned binary number, defining a fractional value with a leading implied "1" a sign bit, giving the sign of the number.
This can also be thought of as the most significant bit representing the inverse of its value in an unsigned integer; in an 8-bit unsigned byte, the most significant bit represents the 128ths place, where in two's complement that bit would represent −128. In two's-complement, there is only one zero, represented as 00000000.
The digit bits contain the numeric value 0–9. The zone bits contain either 'F'x, forming the characters 0–9, or the character position containing the overpunch contains a hexadecimal value indicating a positive or negative value, forming a different set of characters. (A, C, E, and F zones indicate positive values, B and D negative).
The value encoded is (−1) s ×10 q ×c. In both formats the range of possible values is identical, but they differ in how the significand c is represented. In the decimal encoding, it is encoded as a series of p decimal digits (using the densely packed decimal (DPD) encoding).
All variables, except for byte_of_data, are 64-bit unsigned integers. The variable, byte_of_data, is an 8-bit unsigned integer. The FNV_offset_basis is the 64-bit value: 14695981039346656037 (in hex, 0xcbf29ce484222325). The FNV_prime is the 64-bit value 1099511628211 (in hex, 0x100000001b3). The multiply returns the lower 64 bits of the product.
Indirect load value of type unsigned int32 as int32 on the stack. Base instruction 0x4C ldind.u8: Indirect load value of type unsigned int64 as int64 on the stack (alias for ldind.i8). Base instruction 0x8E ldlen: Push the length (of type native unsigned int) of array on the stack. Object model instruction 0xFE 0x0C ldloc <uint16 (indx)>