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Different types of polymers: 1) homopolymer 2) alternating copolymer 3) random copolymer 4) block copolymer 5) graft copolymer. In polymer chemistry, a copolymer is a polymer derived from more than one species of monomer. The polymerization of monomers into copolymers is called copolymerization.
In the beginning of a transreaction process (e. g. transesterification or transamidation), the degree of randomness χ ≈ 0 as the system comprises a physical mixture of homopolymers or block copolymers. During the transreaction process χ increases up to χ = 1 for a fully random copolymer.
Graft copolymers are a branched copolymer where the components of the side chain are structurally different than that of the main chain. Graft copolymers containing a larger quantity of side chains are capable of wormlike conformation, compact molecular dimension, and notable chain end effects due to their confined and tight fit structures. [1]
Non-linear polymers and copolymers, and polymer assemblies are named using the italicized qualifiers in Table 2. [5] The qualifier, such as branch , is used as a prefix (P) when naming a (co)polymer, or as a connective (C), e.g., comb , between two polymer names.
For example, an alternating copolymer synthesized by radical polymerization is a sequence-controlled polymer, even if it is also a non-uniform polymer, in which chains have different chain-lengths and slightly different compositions. [2] A biopolymer (for example a protein) with a perfectly-defined primary structure is also a sequence ...
Living polymerization is a popular method for synthesizing block copolymers since the polymer can be synthesized in stages, each stage containing a different monomer. Additional advantages are predetermined molar mass and control over end-groups .
[42] [43] For example, the chain-growth copolymer of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate is random. [39] Block copolymers have long sequences of different monomer units. [39] [40] Polymers with two or three blocks of two distinct chemical species (e.g., A and B) are called diblock copolymers and triblock copolymers, respectively. Polymers with ...
For the generic term poloxamer, these copolymers are commonly named with the letter P (for poloxamer) followed by three digits: the first two digits multiplied by 100 give the approximate molecular mass of the polyoxypropylene core, and the last digit multiplied by 10 gives the percentage polyoxyethylene content (e.g. P407 = poloxamer with a ...