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The first Group Areas Act, the Group Areas Act, 1950 was promulgated on 7 July 1950, and it was implemented over a period of several years. It was amended by Parliament in 1952, 1955 (twice), 1956 and 1957. Later in 1957, it was repealed and re-enacted in consolidated form as the Group Areas Act, 1957, which
The Group Areas Act, 1950 (re-enacted in 1957 and 1966) divided urban areas into "group areas" in which ownership and residence was restricted to certain population groups. The Group Areas Development Act, 1955 formed part of the machinery for the implementation of the Group Areas Act.
The Act was reinforced and supported by several other Apartheid laws that ensured social segregation. [6]: 21 The Group Areas Act defined that the word 'occupation of a particular area set aside for Whites', meant excluding non-whites from restaurants, tea rooms, eating rooms, and clubs.
The second pillar of grand apartheid was the Group Areas Act of 1950. [60] Until then, most settlements had people of different races living side by side. This Act put an end to diverse areas and determined where one lived according to race. Each race was allotted its own area, which was used in later years as a basis of forced removal. [61]
Typically a component in social apartheid, urban apartheid refers to the spatial segregation of minorities to remote areas. In the context of South African Apartheid, this is defined by the reassigning of the four racial groups defined by the Population Registration Act of 1950, into "Group Areas" as outlined by the Group Areas Act of 1950. [2]
In 1984, the Group Areas Act was amended to allow Chinese South Africans to live in areas the government had declared white areas and use the facilities within them. [4] Chinese South Africans were required to apply for a permit from the government in order to move into a white area.
During the following decades, hundreds of anti-apartheid actions occurred, including those of the Black Consciousness Movement, students' protests, labor strikes, and church group activism etc. In 1991, the Abolition of Racially Based Land Measures Act was passed, repealing laws enforcing racial segregation, including the Group Areas Act. [54]
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related to: group areas act questions examples