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Because of the negative inotropic effects, the nondihydropyridine calcium channel blockers should be avoided (or used with caution) in individuals with cardiomyopathy. [35] Unlike beta blockers, calcium channel blockers do not decrease the responsiveness of the heart to input from the sympathetic nervous system.
Diltiazem, sold under the brand name Cardizem among others, is a nondihydropyridine calcium channel blocker medication used to treat high blood pressure, angina, and certain heart arrhythmias. [9] It may also be used in hyperthyroidism if beta blockers cannot be used. [9] It is taken by mouth or given by injection into a vein. [9]
Class IV agents are slow non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers. They decrease conduction through the AV node , and shorten phase two (the plateau) of the cardiac action potential . They thus reduce the contractility of the heart, so may be inappropriate in heart failure.
Most drugs have other uses; sometimes the presence of other symptoms can warrant the use of one particular antihypertensive. Examples include: Age can affect the choice of medications. Current UK guidelines suggest starting patients over the age of 55 years first on calcium channel blockers or thiazide diuretics.
Zalicus Presents Data on Novel, Oral, N- and T-Type Calcium Channel Blockers for the Treatment of Pain Preclinical Data on Z160 and Z944 Presented at the American Pain Society 2013 Annual Meeting ...
Calcium channel blockers (CCBs) preferentially block the L-type voltage-gated calcium channels to prevent the flow of calcium influx in the blood vessels and the heart, thereby reducing peripheral vascular resistance and cardiac output respectively. [10] Dihydropyridines (DHP): amlodipine, nifedipine, felodipine, nicardipine
Compared with certain other L-type calcium channel blockers (for example those of the phenylalkylamine class such as verapamil) that have significant action at the heart, the dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers lower blood pressure mainly by relaxing the smooth muscle of the blood vessel walls. [3]
7 Calcium channel blockers. 8 Antimineralocorticoid. 9 Antiplatelet drug. 10 Anticoagulant. 11 Fibrinolytics. 12 Diuretics. 13 References. Toggle the table of contents.